National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
J Sch Psychol. 2011 Oct;49(5):555-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jsp.2011.05.002. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
Based on the stage environment and the person environment fit perspectives, the current study examined the relation between school disciplinary policies and offending from adolescence into young adulthood. Using Waves I and III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (a.k.a., Add Health), hierarchical multinomial logistic regression models were utilized to test whether school disciplinary policies were related to offending patterns during adolescence and young adulthood. Descriptive results suggest that, overall, severe school policies were not associated with the course of offending. However, relations between individual characteristics (i.e., inattention and impulsivity) and offending patterns did appear to differ depending on the severity of disciplinary policies. Within schools with more severe policies, adolescents scoring higher on inattention were more likely to be in the adolescent-limited offender group over the persistent offender group. On the other hand, adolescents with high levels of impulsivity were more likely to be in the persistent group over the non-offender group within schools with more severe policies. The results suggest that severe policies may not be effective for all students and the policies, alone, may not be promising avenues for the prevention of offending during adolescence and young adulthood.
基于阶段环境和人与环境适配视角，本研究考察了学校纪律政策与青少年期到成年早期犯罪之间的关系。利用青少年健康纵向研究的第 1 波和第 3 波数据（又称 Add Health），采用分层多项逻辑回归模型检验了学校纪律政策是否与青少年和成年早期的犯罪模式有关。描述性结果表明，总体而言，严厉的学校政策与犯罪的发展过程并无关联。然而，个体特征（即注意力不集中和冲动）与犯罪模式之间的关系似乎确实取决于纪律政策的严厉程度。在纪律政策较为严厉的学校中，注意力不集中程度较高的青少年更有可能属于青少年局限型犯罪群体而非持续型犯罪群体。另一方面，在纪律政策较为严厉的学校中，冲动水平较高的青少年更有可能属于持续型犯罪群体而非非犯罪群体。研究结果表明，严厉的政策可能并不适用于所有学生，仅依靠政策可能不是预防青少年和成年早期犯罪的有效途径。
