Lessman Charles A
Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA.
Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2011 Sep;93(3):268-80. doi: 10.1002/bdrc.20212.
The zebrafish, Danio rerio, a small, tropical freshwater species native to Pakistan and India, has become a National Institutes of Health-sanctioned model organism and, due to its many advantages as an experimental vertebrate, it has garnered intense interest from the world's scientific community. Some have labeled the zebrafish, the "vertebrate Drosophila," due to its genetic tractability, small size, low cost, and rapid development. The transparency of the embryo, external development, and the many hundreds of mutant and transgenic lines available add to the allure. Now it appears, the zebrafish can be used for high-throughput screening (HTS) of drug libraries in the discovery process of promising new therapeutics. In this review, various types of screening methods are briefly outlined, as are a variety of screens for different disease models, to highlight the range of zebrafish HTS possibilities. High-content screening (HCS) has been available for cell-based screens for some time and, very recently, HCS is being adapted for the zebrafish. This will allow analysis, at high resolution, of drug effects on whole vertebrates; thus, whole body effects as well as those on specific organs and tissues may be determined.
斑马鱼，学名Danio rerio，是一种原产于巴基斯坦和印度的小型热带淡水鱼，已成为美国国立卫生研究院批准的模式生物。由于其作为实验脊椎动物具有诸多优势，它引起了全球科学界的浓厚兴趣。一些人将斑马鱼称为“脊椎动物果蝇”，因为它具有遗传易处理性、体型小、成本低和发育迅速的特点。胚胎的透明性、外部发育以及数百种可用的突变体和转基因品系更是增加了它的吸引力。现在看来，在有前景的新疗法的发现过程中，斑马鱼可用于药物文库的高通量筛选（HTS）。在这篇综述中，简要概述了各种类型的筛选方法以及针对不同疾病模型的各种筛选，以突出斑马鱼高通量筛选的可能性范围。高内涵筛选（HCS）已用于基于细胞的筛选有一段时间了，最近，HCS正在被应用于斑马鱼。这将允许以高分辨率分析药物对整个脊椎动物的作用；因此，可以确定对全身以及特定器官和组织的影响。
