Møller A, Grøntved A
Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Odense University Hospital, Denmark.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1990;52(3):168-73. doi: 10.1159/000276128.
The purpose of this investigation was to find an effective method for topical lidocaine anaesthesia of the tympanic membrane for minor therapeutical procedures. Twelve subjects with healthy ears were tested in a randomized double-blind crossover trial. Xylocaine (lidocaine) aerosol 10%, lidocaine 4%, and lidocaine hydrochloride 5% were tested against placebo. Xylocaine aerosol was sprayed into a small container, shaken, and tempered. This made the application painless. The eardrum was stimulated by a point of a needle effective 25 min after application (p = 0.008 and p less than 0.05, respectively). Lidocaine hydrochloride showed no effect. No side effects were observed. The effectiveness seems to be dependent on the ionization of the drug, since the two effective drugs lidocaine and Xylocaine are un-ionized, whereas the ineffective lidocaine hydrochloride is ionized.
本研究的目的是找到一种有效的方法，用于在鼓膜进行小治疗操作时进行局部利多卡因麻醉。12名听力正常的受试者参与了一项随机双盲交叉试验。对10%的利多卡因气雾剂、4%的利多卡因和5%的盐酸利多卡因与安慰剂进行了测试。将利多卡因气雾剂喷入一个小容器中，摇晃并温热。这样使得用药过程无痛。用药后25分钟，用针尖刺激鼓膜，结果显示有效（p = 0.008和p < 0.05）。盐酸利多卡因未显示出效果。未观察到副作用。有效性似乎取决于药物的离子化，因为两种有效的药物利多卡因和利多卡因气雾剂是非离子化的，而无效的盐酸利多卡因是离子化的。
