Cost-effectiveness of using HAART in prevention of mother-to-child transmission in the DREAM-Project Malawi.

INTRODUCTION

Cost-effectiveness analysis are crucial in the management of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, particularly in resource-limited settings. Such analyses have not been performed in the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT).

OBJECTIVE

Cost-effectiveness analysis of HAART approach in Malawi for PMTCT.

METHODS

In 2 health centres in Malawi 6500 pregnant women were tested; 1118 pregnant women completed the entire Drug Resource Enhancement against Aids and Malnutrition-Project Malawi (DREAM - PM) PMTCT protocol. The costs of the intervention were calculated using the ingredients method. Outcomes estimated were cost for infection averted and cost for DALY saved compared with no intervention.

RESULTS

From a private perspective cost for HIV infection averted was US $998 and cost per DALY saved was US $35.36. From a public perspective, the result became negative as follows: -261 and -16.55, respectively (lower cost than the cost of the therapy for an HIV+ child). The univariate sensitivity analysis showed that the cost for DALY saved always remained under the threshold of US $50, largely under the threshold given by the per capita yearly income in Malawi (US $667 PPD).

CONCLUSIONS

Administration of HAART in a PMTCT programme in resource-limited settings is cost-effective. Drugs and laboratory tests are the most significant costs, but further reduction of these expenses is possible.