Casas Irma, Esteve Maria, Guerola Rosa, García-Olivé Ignasi, Ruiz-Manzano Juan
Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2011 Nov;47(11):541-6. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2011.07.003. Epub 2011 Sep 23.
To estimate the prevalence of tuberculous infection (TI) in the health-care workers of a hospital over the course of a 20-year period and analyze the associated risk factors.
A cross-sectional, descriptive study of the workers of a general hospital from 1988 until 2007, using a tuberculin test (TT) and questionnaire.
2,179 workers were studied (mean age 32.4 years (SD 8.4). 24.5% worked in areas at risk for tuberculosis (TB). 8.1% (174) were vaccinated with BCG. The prevalence of positive baseline TT was 25.7% (95% confidence interval: 23.8-27.4%). There was a greater percentage of positive TT in the 1988-1992 period (44.2%) and a smaller percentage (15.8%) in the 2003-2007 period (P<.0001). The prevalence of TI was 1.53 times greater in males and 1.89 in those vaccinated with BCG. When compared with resident physicians, the prevalence of TI was greater in the rest of the professional categories, while increasing 1.03 times per year that age increases and 1.05 times per year of professional activity.
The data provide relevant information about the evolution of TI in hospital professionals over the course of a 20-year period. The prevalence decreased during the study period, probably due to a decrease in the incidence of TB in the reference community and to improved prevention measures and nosocomial control.
评估一家医院的医护人员在20年期间结核感染（TI）的患病率，并分析相关危险因素。
对一家综合医院1988年至2007年的工作人员进行横断面描述性研究，采用结核菌素试验（TT）和问卷调查。
共研究了2179名工作人员（平均年龄32.4岁（标准差8.4））。24.5%在结核病（TB）高危区域工作。8.1%（174人）接种过卡介苗。基线TT阳性患病率为25.7%（95%置信区间：23.8 - 27.4%）。1988 - 1992年期间TT阳性百分比更高（44.2%），而2003 - 2007年期间百分比更低（15.8%）（P <.0001）。TI患病率男性比女性高1.53倍，接种卡介苗者比未接种者高1.89倍。与住院医师相比，其他专业类别的TI患病率更高，且随年龄每年增加1.03倍，随职业活动年限每年增加1.05倍。
这些数据提供了关于医院专业人员在20年期间TI演变的相关信息。在研究期间患病率下降，可能是由于参考社区结核病发病率降低以及预防措施和医院感染控制得到改善。
