Zerbe K J
C.F. Menninger Memorial Hospital, Menninger Clinic, Topeka, KS 66601-0829.
Bull Menninger Clin. 1990 Spring;54(2):171-83.
Anxiety is one of the most ubiquitous problems facing human beings. The author summarizes the views of the major psychodynamic theorists who have contributed to a psychoanalytic understanding of anxiety: Freud's toxic and signal theories; the interpersonal schools of Harry Stack Sullivan, Karen Horney, and Frieda Fromm-Reichmann; the object relations theorists; and the self-psychological perspective of Heinz Kohut. The author then describes how each of these schools provides a different way to appreciate and work with anxiety. She emphasizes the containing and soothing functions of therapy, which have their roots in several of the theories.
焦虑是人类面临的最普遍问题之一。作者总结了主要精神动力学理论家对焦虑的精神分析理解所做出的贡献：弗洛伊德的毒性理论和信号理论；哈里·斯塔克·沙利文、卡伦·霍妮和弗里达·弗洛姆-赖希曼的人际关系学派；客体关系理论家；以及海因茨·科胡特的自体心理学观点。作者接着描述了这些学派中的每一个如何提供一种不同的方式来理解和应对焦虑。她强调了治疗的容纳和安抚功能，这些功能源于其中的几种理论。
