Shankarkumar U, Shankarkumar A, Ghosh K
National Institute of Immunohaematology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.
J Vector Borne Dis. 2011 Sep;48(3):155-8.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Conflicting reports exist regarding the HIV-1 infection on the risk of malaria. A transient almost one-log elevation in HIV viral load occurs during febrile malaria episodes. We prospectively studied malaria patients for HIV infection from Mumbai.
A total of 171 malaria patients and 28,749 normal voluntary blood donors were studied for their HIV status. Diagnosis of malaria was done by microscopical examination of blood. HIV screening was done by detection of HIV-1 & 2 antibodies by micro well ELISA using Enzaids & J Mitra kits followed by confirmation using western blot (Innogenetics, Belgium) analysis.
Out of 171 malaria patients 13 (7.6%; Odds ratio= 4.45; p <0.0001) and 521 blood bank donors were found to be HIV reactive. Among 13 HIV reactive patients, eight patients were Elisa borderline reactive and western blot positive (p24), which may be due to cross-reactive antibodies. Five of 13 malaria patients found to be HIV-1 positive by ELISA and by western blot confirming HIV and malaria co-infection.
Our findings suggest that HIV-1 and malaria co-infection can't be ruled out in malaria endemic countries like India.
关于HIV-1感染对疟疾风险的影响，存在相互矛盾的报道。在发热性疟疾发作期间，HIV病毒载量会出现短暂的近一个对数级的升高。我们对来自孟买的疟疾患者进行了HIV感染的前瞻性研究。
共对171名疟疾患者和28749名正常自愿献血者的HIV状况进行了研究。通过血液显微镜检查诊断疟疾。采用Enzaids和J Mitra试剂盒，通过微孔ELISA检测HIV-1和2抗体进行HIV筛查，随后使用蛋白质印迹法（比利时Innogenetics公司）分析进行确认。
在171名疟疾患者中，有13名（7.6%；优势比=4.45；p<0.0001）以及521名血库献血者被发现HIV反应呈阳性。在13名HIV反应呈阳性的患者中，8名患者ELISA结果为临界反应性且蛋白质印迹法（p24）呈阳性，这可能是由于交叉反应抗体所致。13名疟疾患者中有5名经ELISA和蛋白质印迹法检测发现HIV-1呈阳性，证实为HIV与疟疾合并感染。
我们的研究结果表明，在印度等疟疾流行国家，不能排除HIV-1与疟疾合并感染的情况。
