State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Ann Bot. 2012 Jan;109(1):275-85. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcr246. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) are members of the metallo-phosphoesterase family and have been known to play important roles in phosphorus (P) acquisition and recycling in plants. Low P availability is a major constraint to growth and production of soybean, Glycine max. Comparative studies on structure, transcription regulation and responses to phosphate (Pi) deprivation of the soybean PAP gene family should facilitate further insights into the potential physiological roles of GmPAPs.
BLAST searches were performed to identify soybean PAP genes at the phytozome website. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out to investigate their gene structure, conserve motifs and phylogenetic relationships. Hydroponics and sand-culture experiments were carried out to obtain the plant materials. Quantitative real-time PCR was employed to analyse the expression patterns of PAP genes in response to P deficiency and symbiosis.
In total, 35 PAP genes were identified from soybean genomes, which can be classified into three distinct groups including six subgroups in the phylogenetic tree. The expression pattern analysis showed flowers possessed the largest number of tissue-specific GmPAP genes under normal P conditions. The expression of 23 GmPAPs was induced or enhanced by Pi starvation in different tissues. Among them, nine GmPAP genes were highly expressed in the Pi-deprived nodules, whereas only two GmPAP genes showed significantly increased expression in the arbuscular mycorrhizal roots under low-P conditions.
Most GmPAP genes are probably involved in P acquisition and recycling in plants. Also we provide the first evidence that some members of the GmPAP gene family are possibly involved in the response of plants to symbiosis with rhizobia or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under P-limited conditions.
紫色酸性磷酸酶（PAPs）是金属磷酸酯酶家族的成员，已知在植物磷（P）获取和循环中发挥重要作用。低磷供应是大豆生长和生产的主要限制因素。对大豆 PAP 基因家族的结构、转录调控和对磷酸盐（Pi）剥夺的响应进行比较研究，应有助于进一步了解 GmPAPs 的潜在生理作用。
在植物基因组数据库中进行 BLAST 搜索以鉴定大豆 PAP 基因。进行生物信息学分析以研究它们的基因结构、保守基元和系统发育关系。通过水培和沙培实验获得植物材料。采用定量实时 PCR 分析 PAP 基因在响应 P 缺乏和共生时的表达模式。
总共从大豆基因组中鉴定出 35 个 PAP 基因，它们可以在系统发育树中分为三个不同的组，包括六个亚组。表达模式分析表明，在正常 P 条件下，花朵具有最大数量的组织特异性 GmPAP 基因。在不同组织中，23 个 GmPAP 基因在 Pi 饥饿下被诱导或增强表达。其中，9 个 GmPAP 基因在缺磷的根瘤中高度表达，而只有 2 个 GmPAP 基因在低磷条件下在丛枝菌根根中表达显著增加。
大多数 GmPAP 基因可能参与植物的 P 获取和循环。此外，我们首次提供证据表明，GmPAP 基因家族的某些成员可能参与植物对与根瘤菌或丛枝菌根真菌共生的响应在 P 限制条件下。
