El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Mexico.
J Aging Health. 2011 Oct;23(7):1050-74. doi: 10.1177/0898264311421199.
To estimate the prevalence and incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) in the Mexican population.
The MHAS study is a prospective panel study of health and aging in Mexico with 7,000 elders that represent eight million participants nationally. Using measurements of cognition and activities of daily living of dementia cases and CIND were identified at baseline and follow-up. Overall incidence rates and specific rates for sex, age, and education were calculated.
Prevalence was 6.1% and 28.7% for dementia and CIND, respectively. Incidence rates were 27.3 per 1,000 person-years for dementia and 223 per 1,000 persons-year for CIND. Rates of dementia and CIND increased with advancing age and decreased with higher educational level; sex had a differential effect depending on the age strata. Hypertension, diabetes, and depression were risk factors for dementia but not for CIND.
These data provide estimates of prevalence and incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment in the Mexican population for projection of future burden.
估计墨西哥人口中痴呆症和非痴呆认知障碍（CIND）的患病率和发病率。
MHAS 研究是一项针对墨西哥健康和老龄化的前瞻性队列研究，共有 7000 名老年人，代表全国 800 万参与者。在基线和随访时，使用认知和日常生活活动测量来识别痴呆症病例和 CIND。计算了总发病率和按性别、年龄和教育程度划分的特定发病率。
痴呆症和 CIND 的患病率分别为 6.1%和 28.7%。痴呆症的发病率为每 1000 人年 27.3 例，CIND 的发病率为每 1000 人年 223 例。痴呆症和 CIND 的发病率随年龄增长而增加，随教育程度提高而降低；性别对不同年龄组有不同的影响。高血压、糖尿病和抑郁症是痴呆症的危险因素，但不是 CIND 的危险因素。
这些数据为未来负担预测提供了墨西哥人口中痴呆症和认知障碍的患病率和发病率的估计值。
