Centre International de Recherche - Développement sur l'Elevage en zone Subhumide (CIRDES), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Sep;5(9):e1332. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001332. Epub 2011 Sep 20.
Tsetse flies of the Palpalis group are the main vectors of sleeping sickness in Africa. Insecticide impregnated targets are one of the most effective tools for control. However, the cost of these devices still represents a constraint to their wider use. The objective was therefore to improve the cost effectiveness of currently used devices.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Experiments were performed on three tsetse species, namely Glossina palpalis gambiensis and G. tachinoides in Burkina Faso and G. p. palpalis in Côte d'Ivoire. The 1 × 1 m(2) black blue black target commonly used in W. Africa was used as the standard, and effects of changes in target size, shape, and the use of netting instead of black cloth were measured. Regarding overall target shape, we observed that horizontal targets (i.e. wider than they were high) killed 1.6-5x more G. p. gambiensis and G. tachinoides than vertical ones (i.e. higher than they were wide) (P < 0.001). For the three tsetse species including G. p. palpalis, catches were highly correlated with the size of the target. However, beyond the size of 0.75 m, there was no increase in catches. Replacing the black cloth of the target by netting was the most cost efficient for all three species.
CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Reducing the size of the current 1*1 m black-blue-black target to horizontal designs of around 50 cm and replacing black cloth by netting will improve cost effectiveness six-fold for both G. p. gambiensis and G. tachinoides. Studying the visual responses of tsetse to different designs of target has allowed us to design more cost-effective devices for the effective control of sleeping sickness and animal trypanosomiasis in Africa.
棕尾别麻蝇属中的采采蝇是非洲昏睡病的主要传播媒介。经过杀虫剂浸渍的靶标是控制采采蝇的最有效工具之一。然而，这些设备的成本仍然限制了它们的更广泛使用。因此，本研究旨在提高现有设备的成本效益。
方法/主要发现：在布基纳法索的冈比亚舌蝇和 G. tachinoides 以及科特迪瓦的 G. p. palpalis 三种采采蝇物种上进行了实验。常用的 1×1 平方米的黑蓝黑靶标被用作标准，并测量了靶标大小、形状和使用网代替黑布的变化的效果。关于整体靶标形状，我们观察到水平靶标（即比它们高更宽）比垂直靶标（即比它们宽更高）杀死 1.6-5 倍的 G. p. gambiensis 和 G. tachinoides（P<0.001）。对于包括 G. p. palpalis 在内的三种采采蝇物种，捕获量与靶标大小高度相关。然而，超过 0.75 米的大小后，捕获量没有增加。用网代替靶标的黑布是三种物种中最具成本效益的。
结论/意义：将当前 1*1 米的黑蓝黑靶标缩小为约 50 厘米的水平设计，并将黑布替换为网，将使 G. p. gambiensis 和 G. tachinoides 的成本效益提高六倍。研究采采蝇对不同靶标设计的视觉反应使我们能够设计更具成本效益的设备，以有效控制非洲的昏睡病和动物锥虫病。
