Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2012 Jan;402(1):117-27. doi: 10.1007/s00216-011-5407-3. Epub 2011 Sep 29.
Waterborne bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens are a global health concern and their rapid and specific detection in contaminated potable water is of utmost importance. Biosensors using a variety of biorecognition molecules and transduction methodologies have been reported, and have the potential to enable highly sensitive detection of the analyte of interest in a short time with high specificity. However, there are several obstacles to the detection of waterborne pathogens-they tend to be present at very low concentrations in the environment and environmental samples contain numerous inhibitors of enzymatic reactions and interfering organisms and particulates. Here we present a review of the current state of biosensor technology with regard to the improvements needed over standard detection methods and the challenges presented by real environmental samples. Further, we identify future areas of focus necessary to realize novel detection devices capable of supplanting the gold standards of today.
水中细菌、病毒和寄生虫病原体是全球健康关注的问题，快速、特异性地检测饮用水中的污染病原体至关重要。目前已经报道了多种使用生物识别分子和转导方法的生物传感器，这些传感器有可能实现对目标分析物的高灵敏度检测，且具有短时间内高特异性的特点。然而，水中病原体的检测存在一些障碍——它们在环境中通常存在于非常低的浓度，并且环境样本中含有许多酶反应抑制剂、干扰生物和颗粒物质。本文综述了生物传感器技术的现状，讨论了其相对于标准检测方法需要改进的地方，以及实际环境样本带来的挑战。此外，我们确定了未来需要关注的领域，以实现能够替代当今金标准的新型检测设备。
