Straub Timothy M, Chandler Darrell P
Analytical Microbiology Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 MSIN P7-50, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
J Microbiol Methods. 2003 May;53(2):185-97. doi: 10.1016/s0167-7012(03)00023-x.
Currently, there is no single method to collect, process, and analyze a water sample for all pathogenic microorganisms of interest. Some of the difficulties in developing a universal method include the physical differences between the major pathogen groups (viruses, bacteria, protozoa), efficiently concentrating large volume water samples to detect low target concentrations of certain pathogen groups, removing co-concentrated inhibitors from the sample, and standardizing a culture-independent endpoint detection method. Integrating the disparate technologies into a single, universal, simple method and detection system would represent a significant advance in public health and microbiological water quality analysis. Recent advances in sample collection, on-line sample processing and purification, and DNA microarray technologies may form the basis of a universal method to detect known and emerging waterborne pathogens. This review discusses some of the challenges in developing a universal pathogen detection method, current technology that may be employed to overcome these challenges, and the remaining needs for developing an integrated pathogen detection and monitoring system for source or finished water.
目前，尚无单一方法可用于采集、处理和分析水样中的所有目标致病微生物。开发通用方法面临的一些困难包括主要病原体类别（病毒、细菌、原生动物）之间的物理差异、有效浓缩大量水样以检测某些病原体类别的低目标浓度、去除样品中共浓缩的抑制剂以及标准化非培养终点检测方法。将不同技术整合为一种单一、通用、简单的方法和检测系统将代表公共卫生和微生物水质分析的重大进展。样品采集、在线样品处理与净化以及DNA微阵列技术的最新进展可能构成检测已知和新出现的水源性病原体通用方法的基础。本文综述了开发通用病原体检测方法面临的一些挑战、可用于克服这些挑战的现有技术，以及开发用于水源水或成品水的综合病原体检测与监测系统的剩余需求。
