Berman S H, Wandersman A
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208.
Soc Sci Med. 1990;31(1):81-90. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90013-i.
Cancer is a disease that is widely feared because of its prevalence and incidence, its widespread causes (heredity, environment, lifestyle) and the belief that 'everything causes cancer'. We review evidence on knowledge of cancer and find that knowledge is very limited. Then we examine factors that are related to knowledge of cancer and the pursuit of additional knowledge about cancer and factors that are related to health care behavior such as low rates of participation in cancer screening tests. This review leads us to conceptualize the essential, and perhaps central, role that fear of cancer has in the psychology of cancer. We then explore why cancer and fear of cancer have gained much attention in communities located near hazardous waste sites.
癌症是一种因患病率和发病率高、病因广泛（遗传、环境、生活方式）以及“一切都致癌”的观念而广受恐惧的疾病。我们审视了有关癌症知识的证据，发现相关知识非常有限。接着，我们研究了与癌症知识及寻求更多癌症知识相关的因素，以及与医疗保健行为相关的因素，比如癌症筛查测试参与率低的情况。这一综述促使我们去构想对癌症的恐惧在癌症心理学中所起的关键乃至核心作用。然后，我们探究了为何癌症以及对癌症的恐惧在危险废物场地附近的社区中备受关注。
