Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Nutr. 2011 Nov;141(11):2030-4. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.143669. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
Evidence from the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study suggests that vitamin E and β-carotene supplement use may influence the risk of several cancers. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) are proteins involved in angiogenesis, an important requirement for tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, vitamin E and β-carotene may influence cancer risk through one or more VEGF. The ATBC Study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, primary cancer prevention trial in which participants were assigned to 1 of 4 supplementation groups based on a 2 × 2 factorial design: 1) α-tocopherol (vitamin E); 2) β-carotene; 3) both; or 4) placebo. For the present study, 100 cancer-free participants with follow-up serum available were randomly selected from each intervention group. VEGF-A, -C, and -D concentrations were measured by ELISA in serum obtained at baseline and after at least 2 y of supplementation. Differences in change in VEGF levels from baseline to follow-up between intervention groups were assessed using the ANOVA test. Change in VEGF-A and VEGF-C concentrations between baseline and follow-up did not differ by intervention group (P = 0.45 and 0.29, respectively). The decrease in the serum VEGF-D concentration was greater in the men supplemented with α-tocopherol (-9.7 ± 2.5%) or β-carotene (-8.5 ± 2.7%) and tended to be greater in those supplemented with both (-6.8 ± 2.4%) compared to the placebo group, in which there was no change (-0.4 ± 3.0%) (P = 0.03). In this population of male smokers, supplementation with α-tocopherol or β-carotene was associated with a decrease in VEGF-D levels over time. Although the mechanism through which these supplements affect cancer etiolog remains unclear, our results support the hypothesis that vitamin E and β-carotene may influence cancer progression through VEGF-mediated lymphangiogenesis.
来自 Alpha-Tocopherol、Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention（ATBC）研究的证据表明，维生素 E 和β-胡萝卜素补充剂的使用可能会影响多种癌症的风险。血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）是参与血管生成的蛋白质，这是肿瘤生长和转移的重要要求。因此，维生素 E 和β-胡萝卜素可能通过一种或多种 VEGF 影响癌症风险。ATBC 研究是一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的原发性癌症预防试验，参与者根据 2×2 析因设计被分配到 4 个补充组之一：1）α-生育酚（维生素 E）；2）β-胡萝卜素；3）两者；或 4）安慰剂。为了本研究，从每个干预组中随机选择了 100 名具有随访血清的无癌症参与者。使用 ELISA 在基线时和至少 2 年补充后获得的血清中测量 VEGF-A、-C 和-D 浓度。使用 ANOVA 检验评估干预组之间从基线到随访时 VEGF 水平变化的差异。VEGF-A 和 VEGF-C 浓度从基线到随访的变化在干预组之间没有差异（分别为 P=0.45 和 0.29）。与安慰剂组相比，补充α-生育酚（-9.7±2.5%）或β-胡萝卜素（-8.5±2.7%）的男性血清 VEGF-D 浓度下降更大，且两者都补充的男性血清 VEGF-D 浓度下降更大（-6.8±2.4%），而安慰剂组没有变化（-0.4±3.0%）（P=0.03）。在这群男性吸烟者中，补充α-生育酚或β-胡萝卜素与随时间推移 VEGF-D 水平下降有关。尽管这些补充剂影响癌症发病机制的机制尚不清楚，但我们的结果支持维生素 E 和β-胡萝卜素可能通过 VEGF 介导的淋巴管生成影响癌症进展的假说。
