Elci Omur Cinar, Yener Gorsev, Ucku Reyhan
Division of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville NC, USA.
Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2007 Jan;11(1):9-14. doi: 10.4103/0019-5278.32458.
In this cross-sectional study, we investigated working conditions and related neuropsychiatric problems of shoemakers, including child workers, working in poor conditions with high health risks. Clinical diagnosis was not the objective of this study.
We collected data from 318 workers ranging from 8-66 years of age. We evaluated working conditions, neuropathy symptoms and signs; urinary 2,5-hexanedione was used to estimate hexane exposure. We used the Zung depression scale for adult shoemakers to evaluate depression.
All workshops employed fewer than 10 workers with median daily work duration of 12h. Smoking and alcohol consumption were high among all workers including children. Peripheral neuropathy symptoms and signs were observed in 88 workers (27.8%) and it was related to alcohol consumption. Sixty-eight workers (47.9%) had depression and it was associated with daily work duration.
Extremely poor, unhygienic, working conditions and a high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders were the main problems observed among shoemakers. A high number of child workers increased the scale of these observed problems.
在这项横断面研究中，我们调查了鞋匠（包括童工）的工作条件及相关神经精神问题，这些鞋匠在健康风险高的恶劣条件下工作。本研究的目的并非进行临床诊断。
我们收集了318名年龄在8至66岁之间的工人的数据。我们评估了工作条件、神经病变症状和体征；尿2,5 -己二酮用于评估己烷暴露情况。我们使用zung抑郁量表对成年鞋匠进行抑郁评估。
所有作坊雇佣的工人均少于10名，日均工作时长中位数为12小时。包括儿童在内的所有工人吸烟和饮酒率都很高。88名工人（27.8%）出现周围神经病变症状和体征，这与饮酒有关。68名工人（47.9%）患有抑郁症，这与日均工作时长有关。
鞋匠中存在的主要问题是工作条件极其恶劣、不卫生，以及神经精神障碍患病率高。大量童工增加了这些问题的严重程度。
