Hans Mayank, Hans Veenu Madaan
Department of Periodontology, Kalka Dental College and Hospital, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Oral Sci. 2011 Sep;53(3):263-71. doi: 10.2334/josnusd.53.263.
Innate immunity is the first line of host defense and represents inherited resistance to infection. Innate immunity works through toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize the conserved molecular patterns on pathogenic bacteria known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The periodontium is a unique environment in which oral microorganisms are in constant contact with the host immune system. The TLRs present on gingival epithelial cells are continuously stimulated, resulting in production of cytokines and defensins that help to maintain oral health. If the epithelial barrier is breached, allowing invasion of bacteria into the underlying connective tissue, the TLRs on other resident and non-resident cells of the periodontium become activated. This leads to an exaggerated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other biological mediators, which may cause host tissue destruction. The present review examines the role of TLRs and their signaling in periodontal health and disease.
固有免疫是宿主防御的第一道防线，代表了对感染的遗传抗性。固有免疫通过Toll样受体（TLR）发挥作用，这些受体识别致病细菌上保守的分子模式，即病原体相关分子模式。牙周组织是一个独特的环境，口腔微生物在此与宿主免疫系统持续接触。牙龈上皮细胞上存在的TLR不断受到刺激，导致细胞因子和防御素的产生，有助于维持口腔健康。如果上皮屏障被破坏，使细菌侵入下方的结缔组织，牙周组织中其他常驻和非常驻细胞上的TLR就会被激活。这会导致促炎细胞因子和其他生物介质的过度释放，可能会导致宿主组织破坏。本综述探讨了TLR及其信号传导在牙周健康和疾病中的作用。
