Silva Carolina, Requicha João, Dias Isabel, Bastos Estela, Viegas Carlos
Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
CECAV-Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jul 30;13(15):2463. doi: 10.3390/ani13152463.
Genomic medicine has become a growing reality; however, it is still taking its first steps in veterinary medicine. Through this approach, it will be possible to trace the genetic profile of a given individual and thus know their susceptibility to certain diseases, namely periodontal disease. This condition is one of the most frequently diagnosed in companion animal clinics, especially in dogs. Due to the limited existing information and the lack of comprehensive studies, the objective of the present study was to systematically review the existing scientific literature regarding genomic medicine in canine periodontal disease and determine which genes have already been studied and their probable potential. This study followed the recommendations of the PRISMA 2020 methodology. Canine periodontal disease allied to genomic medicine were the subjects of this systematic review. Only six articles met all of the inclusion criteria, and these were analyzed in detail. These studies described genetic variations in the following genes: interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin-1, lactotransferrin, toll-like receptor 9, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B. Only in two of them, namely interleukin-1 and toll-like receptor 9 genes, may the identified genetic variations explain the susceptibility that certain individuals have to the development of periodontal disease. It is necessary to expand the studies on the existing polymorphic variations in genes and their relationship with the development of periodontal disease. Only then will it be possible to fully understand the biological mechanisms that are involved in this disease and that determine the susceptibility to its development.
基因组医学已日益成为现实；然而，它在兽医学领域仍处于起步阶段。通过这种方法，有可能追踪特定个体的基因图谱，从而了解其对某些疾病（即牙周病）的易感性。这种疾病是伴侣动物诊所中最常诊断出的疾病之一，尤其是在犬类中。由于现有信息有限且缺乏全面研究，本研究的目的是系统回顾关于犬牙周病基因组医学的现有科学文献，并确定哪些基因已经过研究及其可能的潜力。本研究遵循PRISMA 2020方法学的建议。与基因组医学相关的犬牙周病是本系统评价的主题。只有六篇文章符合所有纳入标准，并对这些文章进行了详细分析。这些研究描述了以下基因的遗传变异：白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-10、白细胞介素-1、乳铁传递蛋白、Toll样受体9和核因子-κB受体激活剂。只有其中两篇文章，即白细胞介素-1和Toll样受体9基因，所确定的遗传变异可能解释某些个体患牙周病的易感性。有必要扩大对基因中现有多态性变异及其与牙周病发展关系的研究。只有这样，才有可能充分了解参与这种疾病并决定其发展易感性的生物学机制。
