Ahmad Bashir, Khan Ibrar, Bashir Shumaila, Azam Sadiq, Ali Niaz
Pharma Biotech Research Lab, Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Pak J Pharm Sci. 2011 Oct;24(4):489-93.
Plants are very useful, self-generating machines, producing a variety of useful bioactive products. Keeping in view this idea, the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of Zizyphus jujuba were screened for antifungal, cytotoxic, antitermite and insecticidal activities. Low activity was shown by the crude methanolic extract (12%), n-hexane (9%), chloroform (20%) and ethyl acetate (14%) fraction against Penicillium notatum. Low activity was shown by the n-hexane fraction against Aspergillus niger (10%) and Trichoderma harzianum (13%) and inactive against Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer. The CHCl(3) fraction exhibited low activity of 10% against F. oxysporum while showing no activity against the rest of the test fungi. All the test samples were inactive against Rhizopus stolonifer. The crude methanolic extract was highly cytotoxic (73.33%) at the concentration of 1000 (µg/ml) while the rest of the test samples were low in toxicity at the same concentration. The crude methanolic extract of Zizyphus jujuba showed significant antitermite activity against Heterotermes indicola, among the test samples. Against Tribolium castaneum, Rhizopertha dominica and Callosbruchus analis the insecticidal activity was determined. All the test samples except n-hexane showed low activity (20%) against T. castaneum. The n-hexane fraction showed low activity (20%) against R. dominica while the rest of the fractions were inactive against it. Low activity of 40% and 20% was shown by the chloroform and n-hexane fraction respectively against C. analis. The results of the present study revealed that the plant could be as potent source of cytotoxic drugs.
植物是非常有用的、能自我生成的机器，能产生各种有用的生物活性产物。基于这一理念，对酸枣的粗甲醇提取物及其不同馏分进行了抗真菌、细胞毒性、抗白蚁和杀虫活性的筛选。粗甲醇提取物（12%）、正己烷（9%）、氯仿（20%）和乙酸乙酯（14%）馏分对青霉显示出低活性。正己烷馏分对黑曲霉（10%）和哈茨木霉（13%）显示出低活性，而对黄曲霉、尖孢镰刀菌和匍枝根霉无活性。氯仿馏分对尖孢镰刀菌显示出10%的低活性，而对其余受试真菌无活性。所有测试样品对匍枝根霉均无活性。粗甲醇提取物在浓度为1000（μg/ml）时具有高细胞毒性（73.33%），而其余测试样品在相同浓度下毒性较低。在测试样品中，酸枣的粗甲醇提取物对印度异白蚁显示出显著的抗白蚁活性。测定了对赤拟谷盗、谷蠹和绿豆象的杀虫活性。除正己烷外，所有测试样品对赤拟谷盗均显示出低活性（20%）。正己烷馏分对谷蠹显示出低活性（20%），而其余馏分对其无活性。氯仿馏分和正己烷馏分分别对绿豆象显示出40%和20%的低活性。本研究结果表明，该植物可能是细胞毒性药物的有效来源。
