Luján Irastorza Jesús E, Hernández Marín Imelda, Figueroa Preciado Gudelia, Ayala Aquiles R
Hospital Juárez de México, SSA, México, DF.
Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2006 Oct;74(10):532-6.
The high-resolution ultrasound has taken to discover small ovary cysts in postmenopausal asymptomatic women who in another situation would not been detected; these cysts frequently disappear spontaneously and rarely develop cancer; however, they are treated aggressively.
To know the prevalence, evolution and treatment of ovary simple cysts in the postmenopausal women in our department, since in our country there are not studies that had analyzed these data.
We made a retrospective and descriptive study in the Service of Biology of the Human Reproduction of the Hospital Juarez de Mexico, in a four-year period (2000-2003) that included 1,010 postmenopausal women. The statistical analysis was made using the SPSS software program with which we obtained descriptive measurements in localization, dispersion and by a graphic analysis.
We found a simple cysts prevalence of 8.2% (n = 83); the average of age at the diagnosis time was 50.76 years with a standard deviation of 5.55; the cysts diameter was between 0.614 to 12,883 cm with a mean and standard deviation of 2.542 and 1.91 cm respectively; in 27.71% of the cases (n = 23), the cysts disappear spontaneously in the follow up of 3 to 36 month (mean of 14.1). Surgery was indicated in 16.46% (n = 13), by increase in the size of the cyst in 9 patients (11.64%) and by changes in morphology from simple to complex in 4 (4.82%). Tumor like markers were made only to 37 patients (44.57%), which were in normal ranks; no carcinoma was found in this group.
The prevalence of ovary simple cysts was similar to the reported in literature. Risk of cancer of these cysts is extremely low when a suitable evaluation is made, a reason why the conservative treatment is suggested when these are simple cysts lesser than 5cm with Ca-125 levels within normal ranks. We recommend a follow up every 3-6 months by Doppler color ultrasound and tumor like markers for five years.
高分辨率超声已用于发现绝经后无症状女性中的小卵巢囊肿，这些囊肿在其他情况下可能不会被检测到；这些囊肿通常会自发消失，很少会发展为癌症；然而，它们却得到了积极的治疗。
了解我院绝经后女性卵巢单纯性囊肿的患病率、演变情况及治疗方法，因为在我国尚无分析这些数据的研究。
我们对墨西哥胡亚雷斯医院人类生殖生物学服务部进行了一项为期四年（2000 - 2003年）的回顾性描述性研究，纳入了1010名绝经后女性。使用SPSS软件程序进行统计分析，通过该程序我们获得了关于囊肿定位、离散度的描述性测量结果，并进行了图形分析。
我们发现单纯性囊肿的患病率为8.2%（n = 83）；诊断时的平均年龄为50.76岁，标准差为5.55；囊肿直径在0.614至12.883厘米之间，平均直径和标准差分别为2.542厘米和1.91厘米；在27.71%的病例（n = 23）中，囊肿在3至36个月的随访中（平均14.1个月）自发消失。16.46%（n = 13）的患者需要手术治疗，其中9例（11.64%）是因为囊肿大小增加，4例（4.82%）是因为形态从单纯性变为复杂性。仅对37例患者（44.57%）进行了肿瘤标志物检测，结果均在正常范围内；该组未发现癌症病例。
卵巢单纯性囊肿的患病率与文献报道相似。当进行适当评估时，这些囊肿的癌变风险极低，这就是为什么对于小于5厘米且Ca - 125水平在正常范围内的单纯性囊肿建议采取保守治疗的原因。我们建议每3 - 6个月进行一次彩色多普勒超声和肿瘤标志物检查，并持续五年。
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