Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece.
J Sci Med Sport. 2012 Mar;15(2):129-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2011.08.006. Epub 2011 Oct 1.
To assess secular changes in physical fitness (PF), moderate-to-vigorous-physical activity (MVPA) and TV-viewing in 1st-grade children from Crete, Greece.
Cross-sectional cohorts examined in academic years 1992/93 and 2006/07.
Two representative samples of children, aged 5.9-7.8 years, were studied during 1992/93 (N=606) and 2006/07 (N=361). PF (sit-and-reach, standing-broad-jump, sit-ups and 20 m-shuttle-run-test) was assessed by the European-PF test battery and MVPA by a physical activity (PA) questionnaire. Data on the frequency of TV-viewing was also collected.
Between 1992/93 and 2006/07, there was a significant increase in all fitness tests in both genders (P<0.001) and in MVPA in boys (76.5 min/week vs. 38.7 min/week, P<0.001). Time spent watching TV on weekdays was significantly more in both genders in 2006/07, compared to 1992/93 (P<0.001). In 2006/07, active boys and active girls spent more time in MVPA than active boys and girls in 1992/93 (P<0.001). Significantly higher proportions of boys and girls engaged in vigorous activities in 2006/07, than 1992/93 (P<0.001 and P=0.027, respectively).
A significant increase in physical and cardiorespiratory fitness in both genders and MVPA in boys was observed in children from Crete between 1992/93 and 2006/07. The increase in weekday TV-viewing, despite being parallel to an increase in leisure-time MVPA, could have an unfavorable effect on health and should be tackled in future interventions in this population. Dietary, anthropometric and biochemical indices should also be investigated to assess their impact on the secular changes in physical fitness and activity observed in this sample of children.
评估希腊克里特岛一年级儿童身体素质（PF）、中高强度体力活动（MVPA）和看电视时间的长期变化。
在 1992/93 学年和 2006/07 学年分别对两个学术年度的横断面队列进行研究。
对年龄为 5.9-7.8 岁的两个代表性儿童样本在 1992/93 年（N=606）和 2006/07 年（N=361）进行了研究。通过欧洲 PF 测试电池评估 PF（坐-触脚、站立跳远、仰卧起坐和 20 米穿梭跑测试），通过体力活动（PA）问卷评估 MVPA。还收集了看电视频率的数据。
1992/93 年至 2006/07 年间，两性的所有身体素质测试均显著增加（P<0.001），男孩的 MVPA 也显著增加（76.5 分钟/周比 38.7 分钟/周，P<0.001）。与 1992/93 年相比，2006/07 年两性在工作日观看电视的时间明显更多（P<0.001）。在 2006/07 年，活跃的男孩和女孩比 1992/93 年活跃的男孩和女孩花更多的时间进行 MVPA（P<0.001）。2006/07 年，与 1992/93 年相比，更多的男孩和女孩从事剧烈活动（P<0.001 和 P=0.027）。
在 1992/93 年至 2006/07 年期间，克里特岛儿童的身体素质（包括心肺功能）和男孩的 MVPA 显著增加。尽管工作日看电视的时间增加与闲暇时间 MVPA 的增加平行，但这可能对健康产生不利影响，未来在该人群的干预中应加以解决。还应调查饮食、人体测量和生化指标，以评估它们对儿童身体素质和活动长期变化的影响。
