Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Carbohydr Res. 2011 Nov 29;346(16):2540-50. doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.08.009. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
The characterization of oligosaccharides in the feces of breast-fed babies is a valuable tool for monitoring the gastrointestinal fate of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). In the present study we monitored fecal oligosaccharide profiles together with the HMO-profiles of the respective breast milks up to six months postpartum, by means of capillary electrophoresis-laser induced fluorescence detection and mass spectrometry. Eleven mother/child pairs were included. Mother's secretor- and Lewis-type included all combinations [Le(a-b+), Le(a+b-), Le(a-b-)]. The fecal HMO-profiles in the first few months of life are either predominantly composed of neutral or acidic HMOs and are possibly effected by the HMO-fingerprint in the respective breast milk. Independent of the initial presence of acidic or neutral fecal HMOs, a gradual change to blood-group specific oligosaccharides was observed. Their presence pointed to a gastrointestinal degradation of the feeding-related HMOs, followed by conjugation with blood group specific antigenic determinants present in the gastrointestinal mucus layer. Eleven of these 'hybrid'-oligosaccharides were annotated in this study. When solid food was introduced, no HMOs and their degradation- and metabolization products were recovered in the fecal samples.
对母乳喂养婴儿粪便中低聚糖的特征分析是监测人乳寡糖（HMO）在胃肠道中命运的有效工具。本研究采用毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光检测和质谱法，对 11 对母婴的粪便和母乳中的 HMO 谱进行了长达 6 个月的监测。母亲的分泌型和 Lewis 型包括所有组合[Le(a-b+)、Le(a+b-)、Le(a-b-)]。婴儿生命最初几个月的粪便 HMO 谱主要由中性或酸性 HMO 组成，可能受到母乳中 HMO 特征的影响。无论最初存在酸性还是中性粪便 HMO，均观察到逐渐向血型特异性寡糖转变。这些寡糖的存在表明喂养相关 HMO 发生了胃肠道降解，随后与胃肠道黏液层中存在的血型特异性抗原决定簇结合。本研究注释了其中 11 种“混合”寡糖。当引入固体食物时，粪便样本中未检测到 HMO 及其降解和代谢产物。
