Department of Psychology, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Weesperplein 4, 1018 XA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2012 Jan;36(1):604-25. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.09.003. Epub 2011 Sep 24.
Here we review findings from studies investigating functional and structural brain connectivity in high functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The dominant theory regarding brain connectivity in people with ASD is that there is long distance under-connectivity and local over-connectivity of the frontal cortex. Consistent with this theory, long-range cortico-cortical functional and structural connectivity appears to be weaker in people with ASD than in controls. However, in contrast to the theory, there is less evidence for local over-connectivity of the frontal cortex. Moreover, some patterns of abnormal functional connectivity in ASD are not captured by current theoretical models. Taken together, empirical findings measuring different forms of connectivity demonstrate complex patterns of abnormal connectivity in people with ASD. The frequently suggested pattern of long-range under-connectivity and local over-connectivity is in need of refinement.
在这里，我们回顾了研究自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）高功能个体的功能和结构脑连接的研究结果。关于 ASD 患者大脑连接的主导理论是，额叶皮层的远距离连接不足和局部连接过度。与该理论一致，ASD 患者的长程皮质-皮质功能和结构连接似乎比对照组弱。然而，与该理论相反，额叶皮层局部连接过度的证据较少。此外，一些 ASD 异常功能连接模式不能被当前的理论模型所捕捉。总之，测量不同形式连接的实证研究结果表明，ASD 患者的连接存在复杂的异常模式。目前需要对远距离连接不足和局部连接过度的常见模式进行改进。
