A组链球菌感染
Group A streptococcal infections.
作者信息
Langlois Debra M, Andreae Margie
机构信息
Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Pediatr Rev. 2011 Oct;32(10):423-9; quiz 430. doi: 10.1542/pir.32-10-423.
• GAS is a common cause of upper respiratory tract and skin infections.• Based on strong research evidence, (1) throat culture is the gold standard for diagnosing GAS pharyngitis.• Based on strong research evidence, (1) oral penicillin V K is the antibiotic treatment of choice for GAS pharyngitis because of its efficacy, safety, and narrow spectrum.• Based on strong research evidence, (2) primary prevention of complications of GAS such as ARF involves prompt diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of GAS pharyngitis.• GAS nonsuppurative and suppurative complications may occur and are mediated by interactions between GAS antigens or exotoxins and the patient’s immunesystem.
• A 组链球菌是上呼吸道和皮肤感染的常见病因。
• 基于有力的研究证据，（1）咽拭子培养是诊断 A 组链球菌咽炎的金标准。
• 基于有力的研究证据，（1）口服青霉素 V 钾因其有效性、安全性和窄谱性，是 A 组链球菌咽炎的首选抗生素治疗药物。
• 基于有力的研究证据，（2）对 A 组链球菌诸如急性风湿热等并发症的一级预防包括对 A 组链球菌咽炎的及时诊断和抗生素治疗。
• A 组链球菌非化脓性和化脓性并发症可能会发生，并且由 A 组链球菌抗原或外毒素与患者免疫系统之间的相互作用介导。
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