Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China.
Clin Exp Hypertens. 2012;34(1):45-52. doi: 10.3109/10641963.2011.618206. Epub 2011 Oct 3.
Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine the up-to-date prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, and their related influencing factors in adults in Beijing, China. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2008. A total of 5760 adults aged 18-79 years were selected from the general population. Data from a standardized questionnaire, physical examination, and blood sample were obtained. The prevalence of hypertension was 35.5% (41.8% in men, 30.9% in women) and increased with age in both sexes. The prevalence was similarly high in urban (35.6%) and in rural (34.9%) areas. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were independently associated with hypertension. Participants with diabetes and/or dyslipidemia had higher prevalence of hypertension than their counterparts. Among hypertensive patients, 42.5% were aware of the diagnosis, 35.9% received treatment, and 11.8% had hypertension control. Awareness and treatment of hypertension were low in men, young people, and rural residents. Control of hypertension was lower in older people and those with lower educational attainment. High waist circumference (central obesity) resulted in low control of hypertension (odds ratio = 0.45). Our findings underscore the urgent need to develop a comprehensive health strategy for the prevention, detection, and control of hypertension to avert the cardiovascular disease epidemic in Beijing.
高血压是心血管疾病的重要可改变危险因素。本研究旨在确定中国北京成年人高血压的最新患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率及其相关影响因素。2008 年进行了一项横断面研究。从一般人群中选择了 5760 名年龄在 18-79 岁的成年人。获得了标准化问卷、体格检查和血样的数据。高血压患病率为 35.5%（男性为 41.8%，女性为 30.9%），且在两性中均随年龄增长而增加。城市（35.6%）和农村（34.9%）地区的患病率相似。体重指数（BMI）和腰围与高血压独立相关。患有糖尿病和/或血脂异常的参与者高血压患病率高于其对应者。在高血压患者中，42.5%知晓诊断，35.9%接受治疗，11.8%血压得到控制。男性、年轻人和农村居民高血压的知晓率和治疗率较低。高血压控制率在老年人和受教育程度较低的人群中较低。高腰围（中心性肥胖）导致高血压控制率较低（比值比=0.45）。我们的研究结果强调了迫切需要制定一项综合健康策略，以预防、发现和控制高血压，避免北京心血管疾病的流行。
