Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Preventive Medicine and Exercise Biology, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2012 Mar;21(3):334-9. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2011.2932. Epub 2011 Oct 3.
Our group has shown a positive dose-response in maximal cardiorespiratory exercise capacity (VO(2max)) and heart rate variability (HRV) to 6 months of exercise training but no improvement in VO(2max) for women ≥60 years. Here, we examine the HRV response to exercise training in postmenopausal women younger and older than 60 years.
We examined 365 sedentary, overweight, hypertensive, postmenopausal women randomly assigned to sedentary control or exercise groups exercising at 50% (4 kcal/kg/week, [KKW]), 100% (8 KKW) and 150% (12 KKW) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Development Panel physical activity guidelines. Primary outcomes included time and frequency domain indices of HRV.
Overall, our analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in parasympathetic tone (rMSSD and high frequency power) for both age strata at 8 KKW and 12 KKW. For rMSSD, the age-stratified responses were: control, <60 years, 0.20 ms, 95% confidence interval (CI)-2.40, 2.81; ≥60 years, 0.07 ms, 95% CI -3.64, 3.79; 4 KKW, <60 years, 3.67 ms, 95% CI 1.55, 5.79; ≥60 years, 1.20 ms, 95% CI -1.82, 4.22; 8-KKW, <60 years, 3.61 ms, 95% CI 0.88, 6.34; ≥60 years, 5.75 ms, 95% CI 1.89, 9.61; and 12-KKW, <60 years, 5.07 ms, 95% CI 2.53, 7.60; ≥60 years, 4.28 ms, 95% CI 0.42, 8.14.
VO(2max) and HRV are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Despite no improvement in VO(2max), parasympathetic indices of HRV increased in women ≥60 years. This is clinically important, as HRV has important CVD risk and neurovisceral implications beyond cardiorespiratory function.
我们的研究小组已经证明，在 6 个月的运动训练中，最大心肺运动能力（VO2max）和心率变异性（HRV）与剂量呈正相关，但 60 岁以上的女性 VO2max 没有改善。在这里，我们研究了绝经后女性的 HRV 对运动训练的反应，这些女性的年龄小于和大于 60 岁。
我们检查了 365 名久坐不动、超重、高血压、绝经后妇女，她们被随机分配到久坐不动的对照组或运动组，运动强度分别为 50%（4kcal/kg/周，[KKW]）、100%（8KKW）和 150%（12KKW），符合美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）共识发展小组的体力活动指南。主要结果包括时间和频率域的 HRV 指数。
总的来说，我们的分析表明，在 8KKW 和 12KKW 时，两个年龄组的副交感神经张力（rMSSD 和高频功率）都有显著改善。对于 rMSSD，年龄分层的反应是：对照组，<60 岁，0.20ms，95%置信区间（CI）-2.40，2.81；≥60 岁，0.07ms，95%CI-3.64，3.79；4KKW，<60 岁，3.67ms，95%CI1.55，5.79；≥60 岁，1.20ms，95%CI-1.82，4.22；8KKW，<60 岁，3.61ms，95%CI0.88，6.34；≥60 岁，5.75ms，95%CI1.89，9.61；12KKW，<60 岁，5.07ms，95%CI2.53，7.60；≥60 岁，4.28ms，95%CI0.42，8.14。
VO2max 和 HRV 是心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率的独立危险因素。尽管 VO2max 没有改善，但≥60 岁女性的 HRV 副交感神经指标增加。这在临床上很重要，因为 HRV 对心血管疾病的风险和神经内脏影响超出了心肺功能。
