六个月运动训练后久坐不动的绝经后女性的心率变异性特征：DREW研究
Heart rate variability characteristics in sedentary postmenopausal women following six months of exercise training: the DREW study.
作者信息
Earnest Conrad P, Lavie Carl J, Blair Steven N, Church Timothy S
机构信息
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2008 Jun 4;3(6):e2288. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002288.
BACKGROUND
Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with a higher risk of mortality. Overall, postmenopausal women have lower levels of HRV than premenopausal women, which may be additionally complicated by lifestyle related behaviors such as physical inactivity and obesity. Though cardiorespiratory exercise training increases HRV, little is known regarding the exercise dose necessary to promote this improvement.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Our primary aim was to measure HRV in post-menopausal women following 6-months of exercise training. We examined supine resting HRV in 373 post-menopausal women (45-75 y) after 6-months of randomly assigned and double-blinded administered exercise training exercise training at 50%, 100% and 150% of the NIH Consensus Development Panel's recommended minimal physical activity level. This corresponded to 4, 8, or 12 kcal/kg per week (KKW) of energy expenditure. At baseline, we observed no significant differences in HRV or hormone replacement use between treatment groups. However, we did observe that Caucasian women and those taking antidepressant medications had lower levels of baseline HRV. After 6-months of exercise intervention, we observed a dose dependent increase in all parasympathetically derived time and frequency domain measurements across exercise groups after adjustment for age, ethnicity, antidepressants, and baseline rMSSD (all, P<0.001). For example, the parasympathetic index rMSSD was greater than control (23.19+/-1.0) for the 4-KKW (25.98+/-0.8; P = 0.14), 8-KKW (27.66+/-1.0; P<0.05), and 12-KKW (27.40+/-0.0; P<0.05) groups at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Moderate intensity exercise training exercise is sufficient to improve HRV in previously sedentary postmenopausal women in a dose-dependent manner, as 4-KKW is insufficient to improve parasympathetic indices of HRV, while 12-KKW conferred no greater improvement than 8-KKW.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT 00011193.
背景
心率变异性（HRV）降低与较高的死亡风险相关。总体而言，绝经后女性的HRV水平低于绝经前女性，而缺乏体育锻炼和肥胖等与生活方式相关的行为可能会使情况更加复杂。虽然心肺运动训练可增加HRV，但对于促进这种改善所需的运动剂量知之甚少。
方法/主要发现：我们的主要目的是测量绝经后女性在进行6个月运动训练后的HRV。我们对373名绝经后女性（45 - 75岁）进行了研究，她们在随机分配且双盲进行的运动训练后仰卧休息时的HRV，运动训练强度分别为美国国立卫生研究院共识发展小组推荐的最低体力活动水平的50%、100%和150%。这分别对应每周4、8或12千卡/千克（KKW）的能量消耗。在基线时，我们观察到各治疗组之间在HRV或激素替代使用方面无显著差异。然而，我们确实观察到白人女性和服用抗抑郁药物的女性基线HRV水平较低。经过6个月的运动干预后，在对年龄、种族、抗抑郁药物和基线rMSSD进行调整后，我们观察到各运动组中所有源自副交感神经的时域和频域测量值均呈剂量依赖性增加（所有P<0.001）。例如，在随访时，4 - KKW组（25.98±0.8；P = 0.14）、8 - KKW组（27.66±1.0；P<0.05）和12 - KKW组（27.40±0.0；P<0.05）的副交感神经指数rMSSD均高于对照组（23.19±1.0）。
结论/意义：中等强度运动训练足以使先前久坐的绝经后女性的HRV以剂量依赖性方式得到改善，因为4 - KKW不足以改善HRV的副交感神经指标，而12 - KKW与8 - KKW相比并没有带来更大的改善。
试验注册
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT 00011193。
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