Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Rua Piauí, 933 apt 502, Belo Horizonte, MG 30150-320, Brazil.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2012 Apr;27(4):597-603. doi: 10.1007/s00467-011-2028-1. Epub 2011 Oct 4.
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated rates of incontinence and enuresis as high as 20% in school-age children. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of lower urinary tract (LUT) symptoms in 739 children aged 6-12 years enrolled in three government schools with different socioeconomic levels in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Symptoms of LUT were evaluated using a modified version of the Dysfunction Voiding Scoring System in which the cutoff point considered as an indicator of LUT dysfunction is >6 for girls and >9 for boys. Children with a score indicative of symptoms received an educational booklet on the functioning of the LUT and were sent for clinical evaluation. LUT dysfunction symptoms were detected in 161 (21.8%) children. Symptoms were most frequent in girls (p < 0.001), children aged 6-8 (p < 0.028), and attended the school with the lowest social level (p < 0.001). Intestinal constipation was the most prevalent finding (30.7%), independent of LUT score. The most common urinary symptoms in children with an elevated score were diurnal urinary incontinence (30.7%), holding maneuvers (19.1%), and urinary urgency (13.7%). Stress factors were associated in 28.4% of children. Our findings suggest that LUT symptoms must be investigated carefully at routine pediatric visits.
流行病学研究表明，学龄儿童的尿失禁和遗尿率高达 20%。本横断面研究旨在调查巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州三所政府学校 6-12 岁 739 名儿童的下尿路（LUT）症状患病率。使用改良版功能障碍性排尿评分系统评估 LUT 症状，女孩的截断点>6，男孩的截断点>9 被认为是 LUT 功能障碍的指标。得分提示有症状的儿童会收到一份关于 LUT 功能的教育手册，并接受临床评估。161 名（21.8%）儿童出现 LUT 功能障碍症状。症状在女孩中更为常见（p<0.001），6-8 岁儿童中更为常见（p<0.028），且在社会经济水平最低的学校中更为常见（p<0.001）。肠道便秘是最常见的发现（30.7%），与 LUT 评分无关。评分升高的儿童最常见的尿症状是日间尿失禁（30.7%）、憋尿动作（19.1%）和尿急（13.7%）。应激因素与 28.4%的儿童有关。我们的发现表明，在儿科常规就诊时必须仔细检查 LUT 症状。
