Laboratory for Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena Pot 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2011;2011:760978. doi: 10.1155/2011/760978. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to antioxidant defenses are considered to play a major role in diverse chronic age-related diseases and aging. Here we present an attempt to synthesize information about proximate oxidative processes in aging (relevant to free radical or oxidative damage hypotheses of aging) with an evolutionary scenario (credited here to Dawkins hypotheses) involving tradeoffs between the costs and benefits of oxidative stress to reproducing organisms. Oxidative stress may be considered a biological imperfection; therefore, the Dawkins' theory of imperfect adaptation of beings to environment was applied to the role of oxidative stress in processes like famine and infectious diseases and their consequences at the molecular level such as mutations and cell signaling. Arguments are presented that oxidative damage is not necessarily an evolutionary mistake but may be beneficial for reproduction; this may prevail over its harmfulness to health and longevity in evolution. Thus, Dawkins' principle of biological "malevolence" may be an additional biological paradigm for explaining the consequences of oxidative stress.
与抗氧化防御相比，高水平的活性氧 (ROS) 被认为在多种慢性与年龄相关的疾病和衰老中起主要作用。在这里，我们试图综合有关衰老中接近氧化过程的信息（与自由基或氧化损伤衰老假说有关）与进化情景（归因于道金斯假说），涉及到生殖生物的氧化应激的成本和收益之间的权衡。氧化应激可以被认为是一种生物缺陷；因此，道金斯关于生物对环境的不完善适应的理论被应用于氧化应激在饥荒和传染病等过程中的作用及其在分子水平上的后果，如突变和细胞信号转导。提出的论点是，氧化损伤不一定是进化上的错误，但可能对繁殖有益；这可能在进化过程中对健康和长寿的危害中占上风。因此，道金斯的生物“恶意”原则可能是解释氧化应激后果的另一个生物学范例。
