School of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
J Learn Disabil. 2011 Nov-Dec;44(6):491-507. doi: 10.1177/1087054710378582.
This study examined a cumulative model of vulnerability and protective factors at the individual level (children's attachment relationships with father and children's sense of coherence) and at the family level as manifested by fathers' coping resources (fathers' sense of coherence, fathers' active and avoidant coping strategies) in helping to explain differences in socioemotional and behavioral adjustment among children at the age 8 to 12 years with learning disabilities (LD) and or with typical development. The sample included 205 father-child dyads: 107 fathers and their children having LD and 98 fathers and their children with typical development, from the same public elementary schools. Preliminary analyses indicated significant group differences on all the children's measures as well as on fathers' avoidant coping strategies. Path analysis examined the multidimensional risk model for the LD and non-LD groups. The study found a high fit between the theoretical model and the empirical findings as well as a different pattern of relationship between the model's components for the two populations studied. Discussion focuses on understanding the unique value of vulnerability and protective factors at the individual and family levels on children's well-adjusted functioning.
本研究考察了个体层面（儿童与父亲的依恋关系和儿童的心理一致感）和家庭层面（父亲的应对资源，即父亲的心理一致感、父亲的积极应对策略和回避应对策略）的脆弱性和保护因素的累积模型，以帮助解释 8 至 12 岁有学习障碍（LD）或无学习障碍的儿童在社会情感和行为调整方面的差异。样本包括 205 对父子：107 位有 LD 的父亲及其子女，以及 98 位有典型发展的父亲及其子女，均来自同一所公立小学。初步分析表明，所有儿童的测量结果以及父亲的回避应对策略均存在显著的组间差异。路径分析检验了 LD 和非 LD 组的多维风险模型。研究发现，理论模型与实证结果之间具有高度的拟合度，以及两个研究人群模型组成部分之间的关系模式存在差异。讨论重点在于理解个体和家庭层面的脆弱性和保护因素对儿童适应良好的功能的独特价值。
