State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2011 Oct;12(5):529-37. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2011.603169.
The objective of this research was to examine the effects on driving performance of a prototype intersection collision warning system (ICWS) that is based on the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) technology concept.
An experimental study with 32 participants using a driving simulator was conducted to examine the effects of ICWS on the driving performance of different drivers sorted by gender (male, female) and experience (experienced, novice) compared across 3 warning conditions: no warning, audio warning, and visual warning. Each participant completed 3 test, drives with each drive comprising 3 events. Each event contained a combination of scenario type (cross-traffic from left/right scenario, right turn against scenario) and warning condition.
The results showed that an ICWS, in general, could reduce the number of intersection crashes by approximately 40 to 50 percent and shorten drivers' reaction times to brake in response to emergent events occurring at intersections. Moreover, drivers' reaction times to brake in response to the audio warning system were significantly shorter than in response to the visual warning system in the cross-traffic from right scenario. In addition, speeds were reduced in all 3 scenarios and deceleration rates increased in the cross-traffic from left and right turn against scenario under the influence of ICWS.
In general, the results provide overall support for ICWSs based on the DSRC technology concept. The broader implications of the research are discussed.
本研究旨在检验基于专用短程通信（DSRC）技术概念的交叉口碰撞预警系统（ICWS）对驾驶性能的影响。
采用 32 名参与者的驾驶模拟器实验研究，以检验 ICWS 对不同性别（男性、女性）和经验（经验丰富、新手）的驾驶员在 3 种警告条件下的驾驶性能的影响：无警告、音频警告和视觉警告。每个参与者完成 3 次测试，每次测试包含 3 个事件。每个事件都包含了场景类型（来自左右的交叉交通、与对向车辆的右转冲突）和警告条件的组合。
结果表明，ICWS 通常可以将交叉口碰撞的数量减少约 40%至 50%，并缩短驾驶员对交叉口紧急事件做出制动反应的时间。此外，在右侧交叉交通场景中，驾驶员对音频警告系统的制动反应时间明显短于对视觉警告系统的反应时间。此外，在 ICWS 的影响下，所有 3 个场景中的速度都降低了，而在来自左右的交叉交通和右转冲突场景中，减速率增加了。
总的来说，结果为基于 DSRC 技术概念的 ICWS 提供了全面的支持。讨论了研究的更广泛意义。
