Abali Huseyin, Ata Alper, Gokçe Gozde, Gokçe Huseyin
Department of Internal Medicine Division of Medical Oncology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
J Cancer Educ. 2012 Jun;27(2):347-52. doi: 10.1007/s13187-011-0270-7.
Mortality from breast cancer is decreasing partly owing to early detection. In Mersin province in our country, local health authorities launched an education program on sexual diseases and breast cancer early detection for women over 15 years of age. After the educational session, clinical breast examination was offered by a nurse or physician, and if suspicious they were recommended to apply a specialist for further examination. Here, we report the results on those women with abnormal clinical breast examination. In this second project, socio-demographic variables were investigated such as educational level and place of living,parameters to measure the success of previous project, whether they followed the recommendation themselves, whether mammograms were reported in accordance with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS). Of 3,793 women recruited, mean age was 42.2 years, 42.3%were younger than 40.0 years. Majority (88.5%) were married, graduate of primary school (60.6%), without a job(91.2%), and inhabiting in the province (38.7%). Of the population, 98.1% believe in the importance of screening in the treatment of breast cancer. According to 70.3%,monthly breast self-examination enables early detection, 33.5% believe that clinical breast examination detects cancer early, and 35.5% think that annual mammography can detect it early. Among 2,183 women 40 years of age or over, 41.5% had mammography at once before participating in the first project. Breast self-examination was being carried out by 56.6% on a monthly basis. After an abnormal breast examination, 86.4% applied to hospitals for specialist examination. Reasons for declining to seek for further examination among 410 women answering were as follows:42.0% did not accept, 27.0% did not know it was important, 16.6% because of economical reasons, and 5.0% were too shy to be examined. Being older, being married, being the graduate of primary and secondary school, residing in rural areas, having a mammogram positively affected the decision in univariate analyses (p<0.05). All but educational level (p=0.059) remained significant in multivariate analysis. Mammography was reported in accordance with BIRADS in only 45 (1.2%). Awareness of population on breast cancer early detection can be raised through education. Generally, women follow professional recommendation from professionals. Mammography reporting among radiologist in accordance with BIRADS is rare. Successful early detection of breast cancer may be obtained by public education together with improving detection methods.
乳腺癌死亡率的下降部分归因于早期检测。在我国梅尔辛省，当地卫生当局针对15岁以上女性开展了一项关于性传播疾病和乳腺癌早期检测的教育项目。教育课程结束后，由护士或医生进行临床乳房检查，若发现可疑情况，则建议她们找专科医生做进一步检查。在此，我们报告临床乳房检查异常的女性的相关结果。在第二个项目中，调查了社会人口统计学变量，如教育水平和居住地点、衡量先前项目成功与否的参数、她们是否自行遵循建议、乳房X光检查报告是否符合乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BIRADS）。在招募的3793名女性中，平均年龄为42.2岁，42.3%的女性年龄小于40岁。大多数（88.5%）已婚，小学毕业（60.6%），无工作（91.2%），居住在该省（38.7%）。在这些人群中，98.1%的人认为筛查在乳腺癌治疗中很重要。70.3%的人认为每月进行乳房自我检查能实现早期检测，33.5%的人认为临床乳房检查能早期发现癌症，35.5%的人认为每年进行乳房X光检查能早期发现癌症。在2183名40岁及以上的女性中，41.5%的人在参与第一个项目之前曾做过一次乳房X光检查。56.6%的人每月进行乳房自我检查。乳房检查异常后，86.4%的人前往医院找专科医生检查。在回答问题的410名女性中，拒绝进一步检查的原因如下：42.0%的人不接受，27.0%的人不知道其重要性，16.6%的人出于经济原因，5.0%的人因害羞而不愿接受检查。在单因素分析中，年龄较大、已婚、中小学毕业、居住在农村、进行乳房X光检查对做出决定有积极影响（p<0.05）。除教育水平外（p=0.059），所有因素在多因素分析中仍具有显著性。只有45份（1.2%）乳房X光检查报告符合BIRADS。通过教育可以提高人群对乳腺癌早期检测的认识。总体而言，女性会听从专业人员的专业建议。放射科医生按照BIRADS进行乳房X光检查报告的情况很少见。通过公众教育并改进检测方法，有望成功实现乳腺癌的早期检测。
