Center for Studying Health System Change, in Washington, D.C., USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Oct;30(10):1888-94. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0805.
There is a growing consensus that activating consumers to become better managers of their health is an essential component of US health care reform. We measured how activated blacks, whites, and Hispanics are-that is, how confident, skillful, and knowledgeable they are about taking an active role in improving their health and health care. We found that patient activation among blacks and Hispanics was low, relative to that of whites. For example, 24.8 percent of Hispanics were at the highest level of patient activation, compared to 39.5 percent of blacks and 45.3 percent of whites. Among Hispanic immigrants, low acculturation and lack of familiarity with the US health care system contribute to low activation. The findings indicate that increasing activation levels among Hispanic immigrants may be as important as expanding insurance coverage in reducing disparities in unmet medical need.
越来越多的人认为，让消费者积极参与自身健康管理是美国医疗改革的重要组成部分。我们衡量了黑、白、西班牙裔人群的参与程度，即他们对积极改善自身健康和医疗的信心、技能和知识的掌握程度。我们发现，与白人相比，黑人和西班牙裔人群的患者参与度较低。例如，24.8%的西班牙裔人处于患者参与度的最高水平，而黑人和白人的这一比例分别为 39.5%和 45.3%。在西班牙裔移民中，较低的文化融入度和对美国医疗体系的不熟悉导致了参与度较低。研究结果表明，提高西班牙裔移民的参与度水平可能与扩大保险覆盖范围同样重要，这有助于减少未满足医疗需求方面的差异。
