University of Maryland, CollegePark, MD 20742, USA.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2011 Oct;81(4):473-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2011.01113.x.
The last 6 decades of empirical research on civic engagement among young people living in democracies and of the recognition of international human rights have seen the achievement of many milestones. This article focuses on some connections between these 2 areas and examines the ways in which everyday settings such as neighborhoods and the schools that exist within them can foster support for human rights (especially the practice of participatory rights) among adolescents. Secondary analysis of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement Civic Education (CIVED) Study (data collected in 1999 from nationally representative samples of 14-year-olds in 28 countries) is presented. A cluster analysis of 12 attitudinal scales in 5 countries sharing the Western European tradition (Australia, England, Finland, Sweden, and the United States) is presented. A new conceptual model is also introduced, a modification of Super and Harkness's Developmental Niche. This model frames an analysis unpacking some findings from the CIVED Study and focusing on the everyday experiences and neighborhood niches for the development of participatory human rights. The larger message is that research on social justice attitudes among young people is a valuable form of social advocacy and action.
过去 60 年来，有关民主国家年轻人公民参与的实证研究以及国际人权的认可取得了许多里程碑式的成就。本文重点关注这两个领域之间的一些联系，并探讨了邻里等日常环境以及其中的学校如何能够培养青少年对人权（特别是参与权的实践）的支持。本文对国际教育成就评估协会公民教育（CIVED）研究的二次分析（1999 年从 28 个国家具有代表性的 14 岁青少年群体中收集的数据）进行了介绍。本文还介绍了来自具有西欧传统的 5 个国家（澳大利亚、英国、芬兰、瑞典和美国）的 12 个态度量表的聚类分析。本文还引入了一个新概念模型，即对 Super 和 Harkness 的发展小生境的修改。该模型构建了一个分析框架，对 CIVED 研究的一些发现进行了解剖，并重点关注参与式人权发展的日常经验和邻里小生境。更广泛的信息是，对年轻人社会正义态度的研究是一种有价值的社会倡导和行动形式。
