与年轻人相比，老年人在医院住院患者和门诊患者中发生低钠血症的风险。

The risk of hyponatremia in the elderly compared with younger in the hospital inpatient and outpatient.

作者信息

Siregar Parlindungan

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia.

出版信息

Acta Med Indones. 2011 Jul;43(3):158-61.

PMID:21979280

Abstract

AIM

to comparise the prevalences of hyponatremia between elderly and younger patients in hospital inpatients and outpatients setting.

METHODS

this study was done using cross-sectional design. Medical records of all adult patients (age of more than 13 years) from March 2008 to March 2009 in Siloam Hospital Lippo-Village whose sodium plasma level data were recorded. The patients were divided into two main groups according to their age, that were elderly and younger. These two main groups were then divided into 4 sub-groups that were general inpatient, special inpatient, general outpatient, and emergency outpatient. The prevalence ratio of the proportion of hyponatremia between the elderly and the younger in the four sub-groups were then analyzed. Independency between the 4 sub-groups and frequency of hyponatremia in each of the two main group were tested by Chi-Square test, using SPSS statistics version 17.

RESULTS

in the general inpatient, the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly group and the young group were 26.32% and 10.85% respectively, with the Prevalence Ratio of 2,43 (95% CI, 0,11-0,19). In the general outpatient, the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly group and the young group were 7.18% and 2.98% respectively, with the Prevalence Ratio of 2,40 (95% CI, 0,02-0,06). In the emergency outpatient, the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly group and the young group were 18.28% and 7.71% respectively, with the Prevalence Ratio of 2,37 (95% CI, 0,08-0,14). In the special inpatient, the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly group and the young group were 14.98% and 5.58% respectively, with the Prevalence Ratio of 2,69 (95% CI, 0,05-0,13). The risk to get hyponatremia during inpatient was significantly higher in the elderly with the Prevalence Ratio of 2.79 (95% CI, 0,03-0,07). Chi Square analysis which was done in both the elderly and the younger group revealed that the place of the services will influence the frequency of hyponatremia significantly (p = 0.000).

CONCLUSION

compared with the younger group, the mean of the risk for the elderly group to get hyponatremia in the hospital inpatient and outpatient is 2.54 times higher.

摘要

目的

比较老年住院患者和门诊患者与年轻住院患者和门诊患者低钠血症的患病率。

方法

本研究采用横断面设计。收集了2008年3月至2009年3月在西罗亚医院利宝村记录了血浆钠水平数据的所有成年患者（年龄超过13岁）的病历。根据年龄将患者分为两个主要组，即老年组和年轻组。然后将这两个主要组再分为4个亚组，即普通住院患者、特殊住院患者、普通门诊患者和急诊门诊患者。然后分析四个亚组中老年组和年轻组低钠血症比例的患病率比值。使用SPSS统计软件17版，通过卡方检验对四个亚组之间的独立性以及两个主要组中每组低钠血症的频率进行检验。

结果

在普通住院患者中，老年组和年轻组的低钠血症患病率分别为26.32%和10.85%，患病率比值为2.43（95%可信区间，0.11 - 0.19）。在普通门诊患者中，老年组和年轻组的低钠血症患病率分别为7.18%和2.98%，患病率比值为2.40（95%可信区间，0.02 - 0.06）。在急诊门诊患者中，老年组和年轻组的低钠血症患病率分别为18.28%和7.71%，患病率比值为2.37（95%可信区间，0.08 - 0.14）。在特殊住院患者中，老年组和年轻组的低钠血症患病率分别为14.98%和5.58%，患病率比值为2.69（95%可信区间，0.05 - 0.13）。住院期间老年患者发生低钠血症的风险显著更高，患病率比值为2.79（95%可信区间，0.03 - 0.07）。对老年组和年轻组进行的卡方分析显示，服务地点将显著影响低钠血症的频率（p = 0.000）。