Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e24841. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024841. Epub 2011 Sep 30.
To describe bone status and analyse bone mass in adolescent cyclists.
Male road cyclists (n = 22) who had been training for a minimum of 2 years and a maximum of 7 years with a volume of 10 h/w, were compared to age-matched controls (n = 22) involved in recreational sports activities. Subjects were divided in 2 groups based on age: adolescents under 17 yrs (cyclists, n = 11; controls, n = 13) and over 17 yrs (cyclists, n = 11; controls, n = 9). Peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)max) was measured on a cycloergometer. Whole body, lumbar spine, and hip bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD) and bone area were assessed using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Volumetric BMD (vBMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) were also estimated.
The BMC of cyclists was lower for the whole body, pelvis, femoral neck and legs; BMD for the pelvis, hip, legs and whole body and legs bone area was lower but higher in the hip area (all, P≤0.05) after adjusting by lean mass and height. The BMC of young cyclists was 10% lower in the leg and 8% higher in the hip area than young controls (P≤0.05). The BMC of cyclists over 17 yrs was 26.5%, 15.8% and 14.4% lower BMC at the pelvis, femoral neck and legs respectively while the BMD was 8.9% to 24.5% lower for the whole body, pelvis, total hip, trochanter, intertrochanter, femoral neck and legs and 17.1% lower the vBMD at the femoral neck (all P≤0.05). Grouped by age interaction was found in both pelvis and hip BMC and BMD and in femoral neck vBMD (all P≤0.05).
Cycling performed throughout adolescence may negatively affect bone health, then compromising the acquisition of peak bone mass.
描述青少年自行车运动员的骨骼状况并分析其骨量。
本研究纳入了 22 名男性公路自行车运动员（最少训练 2 年，最多训练 7 年，每周训练 10 小时），并与年龄匹配的参与休闲运动的对照组（22 人）进行比较。根据年龄将受试者分为两组：17 岁以下青少年（自行车运动员 11 人，对照组 13 人）和 17 岁以上青少年（自行车运动员 11 人，对照组 9 人）。使用测功计测量最大摄氧量（VO2max）。采用双能 X 线吸收法（DXA）测定全身、腰椎和髋部的骨矿物质含量（BMC）、骨密度（BMD）和骨面积。还估计了体积 BMD（vBMD）和骨矿物质表观密度（BMAD）。
自行车运动员的全身、骨盆、股骨颈和腿部的 BMC 较低；经过瘦体重和身高调整后，骨盆、髋部、腿部和全身及腿部的 BMD 较低，但髋部较高（均 P≤0.05）。年轻自行车运动员的腿部 BMC 比年轻对照组低 10%，髋部 BMC 比年轻对照组高 8%。17 岁以上自行车运动员的骨盆、股骨颈和腿部的 BMC 分别低 26.5%、15.8%和 14.4%，全身、骨盆、全髋、转子间、股骨颈和腿部的 BMD 分别低 8.9%至 24.5%，股骨颈的 vBMD 低 17.1%（均 P≤0.05）。在骨盆和髋部 BMC 和 BMD 以及股骨颈 vBMD 中发现了年龄分组的交互作用（均 P≤0.05）。
整个青春期的自行车运动可能会对骨骼健康产生负面影响，从而影响峰值骨量的获得。
