青少年性腺功能减退症的病因和治疗。
Etiology and treatment of hypogonadism in adolescents.
机构信息
Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Room 5960, 702 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
出版信息
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011 Oct;58(5):1181-200, x. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.07.009.
Abstract
Adequate functioning at all levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is necessary for normal gonadal development and subsequent sex steroid production. Deficiencies at any level of the axis can lead to a hypogonadal state. The causes of hypogonadism are heterogeneous and may involve any level of the reproductive system. This review discusses various causes of hypogonadism, describes the evaluation of hypogonadal states, and outlines treatment options for the induction of puberty in affected adolescents. Whereas some conditions are clearly delineated, the exact etiology and underlying pathogenesis of many disorders is unknown.
摘要
下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis)各个层面的正常功能对于正常的性腺发育和随后的性激素产生是必要的。轴的任何层面的缺陷都可能导致性腺功能减退状态。性腺功能减退症的病因是多种多样的，可能涉及生殖系统的任何层面。本综述讨论了性腺功能减退症的各种病因，描述了性腺功能减退状态的评估，并概述了青春期启动的治疗选择。虽然有些情况已经明确界定，但许多疾病的确切病因和潜在发病机制尚不清楚。
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