Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Econ Hum Biol. 2012 Mar;10(2):127-38. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2011.08.008. Epub 2011 Sep 3.
Over the last two decades, the prevalence of obesity has risen worldwide. As obesity is a confirmed risk factor for a number of diseases, its increasing prevalence nurtures the supposition that obesity may present a growing and significant economic burden to society. The objective of this study is to analyse the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and future direct and indirect costs, as well as the correlation between changing BMI and future in(direct) costs. Health care utilisation and productivity losses were based on data from 2581 participants aged 25-65 years (1994/95) from two cross-sectional, population-representative health surveys (MONICA/KORA-survey-S3 1994/95 and follow-up KORA-survey-F3 2004/05) in Augsburg, Germany. The predicted average adjusted total direct costs per year and per user were estimated to be €1029-(healthy weight), €1093-(overweight) and €1040-(obesity). There are significantly greater future costs in the utilisation of general practitioners per user and per year at higher obesity levels (€72; €75; €96). The average total direct costs per person for those who stay in the same BMI class are €982, €1000 and €973. An overweight participant who becomes obese incurs significant costs of internists of €160 compared with those who remain overweight (€124). An overweight user incurs indirect costs of €2474, compared with €2136 for those who remain a healthy weight. There is a trend for higher predicted (in)direct costs when people are overweight or obese compared with healthy weight persons 10 years earlier. Potential cost savings could be attained if preventive programs effectively targeted these individuals.
在过去的二十年中，肥胖症在全球范围内的发病率不断上升。由于肥胖是多种疾病的明确危险因素，其发病率的不断上升使人们推测肥胖可能会给社会带来日益严重的经济负担。本研究的目的是分析体重指数（BMI）与未来直接和间接成本之间的相关性，以及 BMI 变化与未来（直接）成本之间的相关性。医疗保健利用和生产力损失的数据基于来自德国奥格斯堡的两项具有代表性的横断面人群健康调查（MONICA/KORA 调查-S3 1994/95 年和后续 KORA 调查-F3 2004/05 年）的 2581 名 25-65 岁参与者（1994/95 年）。预测的每年每位患者的平均调整后直接总成本预计为€1029（健康体重）、€1093（超重）和€1040（肥胖）。随着肥胖程度的增加，每位患者每年的普通科医生利用和总成本显著增加（€72；€75；€96）。那些保持相同 BMI 类别的人每人的平均直接总成本为€982、€1000 和€973。与保持超重的人相比，超重患者成为肥胖患者会导致内科医生的费用增加€160（€124）。超重患者的间接成本为€2474，而健康体重患者的间接成本为€2136。与健康体重者相比，超重或肥胖者的预测（直接）间接成本呈上升趋势。如果预防计划能够有效针对这些人群，可能会节省成本。
