Fadda Guido, Rossi Esther Diana
Agostino Gemelli School of Medicine and Hospital, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
Acta Cytol. 2011;55(5):389-400. doi: 10.1159/000329029. Epub 2011 Oct 8.
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is regarded as the most important diagnostic tool for thyroid lesions because of its simplicity, safety, and cost-effectiveness. However, its pivotal role in the correct characterization of the majority of nodules is impaired by the difficulties in discriminating benign from malignant follicular-patterned lesions.
Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a semiautomated device that has recently become widely available and has gained popularity as a method of collecting and processing both gynecologic and nongynecologic cytologic specimens. It achieves a diagnostic sensitivity as accurate as conventional preparations, especially for its excellent cell preservation and lack of background which decrease the amount of inadequate diagnoses.
In many cases the cytologic features are similar in both methods, but the colloid film and the lymphocytic component are more easily evaluated on direct smears whereas nuclear details and colloid globules are better evaluated in LBC slides. The material stored in the preservative solution could be effectively used for the application of immunocytochemical and molecular techniques.
LBC-processed biopsies represent a valid alternative to conventional cytology. The possibility of applying additional techniques enhances the efficacy of the cytologic diagnosis of thyroid lesions.
细针穿刺活检因其操作简单、安全且性价比高，被视为甲状腺病变最重要的诊断工具。然而，由于难以区分良性与恶性滤泡型病变，其在大多数结节正确特征化方面的关键作用受到损害。
液基细胞学（LBC）是一种半自动化设备，最近已广泛应用，并作为一种收集和处理妇科及非妇科细胞学标本的方法而受到欢迎。它具有与传统制片一样准确的诊断敏感性，尤其是其出色的细胞保存效果以及无背景干扰，减少了不充分诊断的数量。
在许多情况下，两种方法的细胞学特征相似，但胶体膜和淋巴细胞成分在直接涂片上更容易评估，而核细节和胶体小球在LBC载玻片上评估更佳。保存在保存液中的材料可有效用于免疫细胞化学和分子技术的应用。
LBC处理的活检标本是传统细胞学的有效替代方法。应用额外技术的可能性提高了甲状腺病变细胞学诊断的效能。
