Psychiatry and Psychiatric Neuroscience Research Group, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 101 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
Brain Behav Immun. 2012 Feb;26(2):251-66. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.09.015. Epub 2011 Oct 2.
The search for an extended understanding of the causes of depression, and for the development of additional effective treatments is highly significant. Clinical and pre-clinical studies suggest stress is a key mediator in the pathophysiology of depression. Exercise is a readily available therapeutic option, effective as a first-line treatment in mild to moderate depression. In pre-clinical models exercise attenuates stress-related depression-like behaviours. Cellular and humoral neuroimmune mechanisms beyond inflammation and oxidative stress are highly significant in understanding depression pathogenesis. The effects of exercise on such mechanisms are unclear. When clinical and pre-clinical data is taken together, exercise may reduce inflammation and oxidation stress via a multitude of cellular and humoral neuroimmune changes. Astrocytes, microglia and T cells have an antiinflammatory and neuroprotective functions via a variety of mechanisms. It is unknown whether exercise has effects on specific neuroimmune markers implicated in the pathogenesis of depression such as markers of immunosenescence, B or T cell reactivity, astrocyte populations, self-specific CD4+ T cells, T helper 17 cells or T regulatory cells.
寻找对抑郁症病因的更广泛理解，并开发额外的有效治疗方法具有重要意义。临床前和临床研究表明，压力是抑郁症病理生理学中的一个关键调节因素。运动是一种现成的治疗选择，作为轻度至中度抑郁症的一线治疗方法非常有效。在临床前模型中，运动可减轻与压力相关的抑郁样行为。除了炎症和氧化应激之外，细胞和体液神经免疫机制在理解抑郁症发病机制方面非常重要。目前尚不清楚运动对这些机制的影响。当将临床和临床前数据结合起来时，运动可能通过多种细胞和体液神经免疫变化来减轻炎症和氧化应激。星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞和 T 细胞通过多种机制具有抗炎和神经保护作用。目前尚不清楚运动是否会对特定的神经免疫标志物产生影响，这些标志物与抑郁症的发病机制有关，如免疫衰老标志物、B 或 T 细胞反应性、星形胶质细胞群体、自身特异性 CD4+T 细胞、Th17 细胞或 T 调节细胞。
