Salvio Ana Gabriela, Assumpção Júnior Ary, Segalla José Getúlio Martins, Panfilo Beatriz Lhanos, Nicolini Helen Renata, Didone Reniele
Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Brasil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2011 Jul-Aug;86(4):669-74. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962011000400007.
Worldwide incidence of melanoma has increased in recent years faster than any other cancer. Although it represents only 4% of skin cancers it is nevertheless responsible for 60% of skin cancer deaths. This makes melanoma a public health problem.
The aim of this study was the development of a continuous program for melanoma prevention and early detection.
A city of around 130,000 inhabitants in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, was chosen for the development of a pilot project covering primary prevention and early diagnosis of melanoma. A nursing team worked for approximately 30 days in each of the 13 health centers in the city of Jaú (SP), providing guidance on self-examination of the skin, photoprotection and recognition of early signs of melanoma. Patients with suspicious lesions were immediately sent to the reference hospital for medical and dermoscopic screening. Excisional biopsies were performed on suspected melanomas.
4 four cases of early stage melanoma and 3 dysplastic nevi were diagnosed. Of the people interviewed, 74% worked either part-time or full-time exposed to sun and over 60% claimed to never use sunscreen.
This is a new and effective model for melanoma prevention and early diagnosis. In short, the melanoma prevention program is able to quickly identify suspicious lesions, leading to early diagnosis and better chances of survival.
近年来，全球黑色素瘤发病率的增长速度超过了其他任何癌症。尽管它仅占皮肤癌的4%，却导致了60%的皮肤癌死亡。这使得黑色素瘤成为一个公共卫生问题。
本研究的目的是制定一个黑色素瘤预防和早期检测的持续项目。
在巴西圣保罗州一个约有13万居民的城市，开展了一个涵盖黑色素瘤一级预防和早期诊断的试点项目。一个护理团队在雅乌市（圣保罗州）的13个健康中心各工作约30天，提供皮肤自我检查、光防护和黑色素瘤早期体征识别方面的指导。有可疑病变的患者被立即送往参考医院进行医学和皮肤镜检查。对疑似黑色素瘤进行切除活检。
诊断出4例早期黑色素瘤和3例发育异常痣。在接受采访的人群中，74%的人部分时间或全部时间暴露在阳光下工作，超过60%的人声称从不使用防晒霜。
这是一种新的、有效的黑色素瘤预防和早期诊断模式。简而言之，黑色素瘤预防项目能够快速识别可疑病变，实现早期诊断并提高生存几率。
