School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012 Aug;27(8):863-72. doi: 10.1002/gps.2797. Epub 2011 Oct 11.
Although several longitudinal studies indicate that weight loss precedes dementia in men and women, the relationship between weight changes and cognitive performance is unclear. This study investigated the relationship between changes in adiposity and cognitive function in community-dwelling women.
Data were derived from the Longitudinal Assessment of Women Study, a population-based study of 511 urban women initially aged 40-79 years. We analyzed data from 334 women who had complete information on demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, medical status, weight, height, and waist-to-hip ratio and cognitive scores at baseline and after a mean of 7.45 years of follow-up. Cognition was assessed at baseline and follow-up using the Mini Mental State Examination; the Auditory Delayed Index, Visual Delayed Index, and Working Memory Index from the Wechsler Memory Scale, Third Edition; and the Processing Speed Index from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition. Associations were adjusted for age, education, baseline cognitive performance, cardiovascular risk factors, menopausal status, and apolipoprotein E-4 status.
In multivariate analysis, both weight gain and loss were associated with poor Visual Delayed Index performance at follow-up compared with stable weight (β = -4.02 ± 1.57, p = 0.011; β = -6.50 ± 2.39, p = 0.007, respectively). No significant associations were found between body mass index, waist circumference, or waist-to-hip ratio and any cognitive domains at follow-up. Changes in cognitive performance were not associated with changes in adiposity measures.
Weight loss and weight gain were associated with poor cognitive performance in middle-aged and older women compared with women with stable weight.
尽管几项纵向研究表明，男性和女性的体重减轻先于痴呆，但体重变化与认知表现之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究调查了社区居住女性的肥胖变化与认知功能之间的关系。
数据来自纵向评估女性研究，这是一项针对最初年龄在 40-79 岁的 511 名城市女性的基于人群的研究。我们分析了 334 名女性的数据，这些女性在基线和平均 7.45 年的随访后，有完整的人口统计学、心血管危险因素、医疗状况、体重、身高和腰围与臀围比以及认知评分的信息。使用简易精神状态检查、韦氏记忆量表第三版的听觉延迟指数、视觉延迟指数和工作记忆指数以及韦氏成人智力量表第三版的处理速度指数在基线和随访时评估认知。调整了年龄、教育程度、基线认知表现、心血管危险因素、绝经状态和载脂蛋白 E-4 状态。
在多变量分析中，与体重稳定的女性相比，体重增加和减轻都与随访时的视觉延迟指数表现较差相关（β=-4.02±1.57，p=0.011；β=-6.50±2.39，p=0.007）。体重指数、腰围或腰围与臀围比与随访时的任何认知领域均无显著相关性。认知表现的变化与肥胖测量值的变化无关。
与体重稳定的女性相比，中年和老年女性的体重减轻和体重增加与认知表现较差相关。
