Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht, Netherlands.
Front Neurol. 2011 Aug 11;2:47. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2011.00047. eCollection 2011.
To assess the progress of the development of the vestibular implant (VI) and its feasibility short-term.
A search was performed in Pubmed, Medline, and Embase. Key words used were "vestibular prosth*" and "VI." The only search limit was language: English or Dutch. Additional sources were medical books, conference lectures and our personal experience with per-operative vestibular stimulation in patients selected for cochlear implantation.
All studies about the VI and related topics were included and evaluated by two reviewers. No study was excluded since every study investigated different aspects of the VI.
Data was extracted by the first author from selected reports, supplemented by additional information, medical books conference lectures. Since each study had its own point of interest with its own outcomes, it was not possible to compare data of different studies.
To use a basic VI in humans seems feasible in the very near future. Investigations show that electric stimulation of the canal nerves induces a nystagmus which corresponds to the plane of the canal which is innervated by the stimulated nerve branch. The brain is able to adapt to a higher baseline stimulation, while still reacting on a dynamic component. The best response will be achieved by a combination of the optimal stimulus (stimulus profile, stimulus location, precompensation), complemented by central vestibular adaptation. The degree of response will probably vary between individuals, depending on pathology and their ability to adapt.
评估前庭植入物（VI）的发展进展及其短期可行性。
在 Pubmed、Medline 和 Embase 中进行了检索。使用的关键词是“vestibular prosth*”和“VI”。唯一的搜索限制是语言：英语或荷兰语。额外的来源是医学书籍、会议演讲以及我们在为选定的人工耳蜗植入患者进行术中前庭刺激方面的个人经验。
所有关于 VI 及其相关主题的研究都被纳入并由两位评审员评估。由于每项研究都调查了 VI 的不同方面，因此没有排除任何研究。
第一作者从选定的报告中提取数据，并通过补充信息、医学书籍、会议演讲进行补充。由于每个研究都有自己的关注点和自己的结果，因此不可能比较不同研究的数据。
在不久的将来，在人类中使用基本的 VI 似乎是可行的。研究表明，对神经通道的电刺激会引起与受刺激神经分支支配的通道平面相对应的眼球震颤。大脑能够适应更高的基线刺激，同时仍然对动态成分做出反应。最佳反应将通过最佳刺激（刺激模式、刺激位置、预补偿）的组合来实现，辅以中枢前庭适应。反应程度可能因人而异，取决于病理和适应能力。
