Doege Daniela, Aschenbrenner Regina M, Nassal Angela, Holtz Karl-Ludwig, Retzlaff Rüdiger
Institut für Psychosomatische Kooperationsforschung und Familientherapie, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg.
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2011;60(7):527-43. doi: 10.13109/prkk.2011.60.7.527.
This study addresses factors accounting for resilience in the face of adversity and ongoing stress in families of children with intellectual disabilities. 327 families were examined. Measures of family sense of coherence (FSOC), family functioning, stress and coping behaviors were administered. Additionally, measures of the children's level of practical, cognitive and social competencies, as well as problem behaviors were applied. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between FSOC, family functioning and children's competencies on the one side and parental stress on the other side. Results showed that for the parental couples, as well as for the mothers when regarded separately, FSOC and level of children's competencies were significant predictors of stress. For the fathers, family functioning was a better predictor of stress than family coherence. In order to identify differential indications for counseling practice, moderating effects of family structure, sex and level of the children's competencies were examined. Children's level of practical, social and cognitive competencies emerged as moderator of the relation between stress and family functioning or intensifying of the parents' relationship as a coping behavior. This study demonstrates the significance of family-related variables in the adaptation to living with a child with an intellectual disability.
本研究探讨了智力残疾儿童家庭面对逆境和持续压力时的恢复力相关因素。研究调查了327个家庭,采用了家庭连贯感(FSOC)、家庭功能、压力和应对行为的测量方法。此外,还应用了儿童实践、认知和社交能力水平以及问题行为的测量方法。采用结构方程模型来检验FSOC、家庭功能与儿童能力一方面与父母压力另一方面之间的关系。结果表明,对于父母双方以及单独来看的母亲,FSOC和儿童能力水平是压力的显著预测因素。对于父亲而言,家庭功能比家庭连贯感更能预测压力。为了确定咨询实践的不同指征,研究考察了家庭结构、性别和儿童能力水平的调节作用。儿童的实践、社交和认知能力水平成为压力与家庭功能关系或作为应对行为的父母关系强化的调节因素。本研究证明了家庭相关变量在适应与智力残疾儿童共同生活中的重要性。