Department of Gynaecology, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
Sex Transm Dis. 2011 Nov;38(11):1059-66. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31822e60b6.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a known biologic cofactor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and acquisition. The Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey 2007 provided Kenya's first nationally representative estimate of HSV-2 prevalence and risk factors.
KAIS was a household serosurvey among women and men aged 15 to 64 years. The survey included a behavioral interview and serum testing for HSV-2, HIV, and syphilis infections. Results were weighted for sampling design and nonresponse.
Of 19,840 eligible individuals, 90% completed an interview and 80% consented to testing. In all, 35% were infected with HSV-2, of which 42% were women and 26% were men. Between 15 and 24 years of age, HSV-2 prevalence increased from 7% to 34% in women and 3% to 14% in men. Among couples, 30% were HSV-2 concordant-positive, 21% were discordant, and 49% were concordant-negative. In all, 81% of HIV-infected persons were coinfected with HSV-2. HIV prevalence was 16% among those with HSV-2 and 2% among those without HSV-2. Women with circumcised partners had an HSV-2 prevalence of 39% compared to 77% of women with uncircumcised partners.
One-third of Kenyans were HSV-2 infected. HIV-1 infection, age, female sex, and lack of male circumcision were population-level predictors for HSV-2 infection. Targeted prevention interventions are needed, including an effective vaccine.
单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）是已知的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）传播和获得的生物学协同因素。2007 年肯尼亚艾滋病指标调查提供了肯尼亚首例全国代表性的 HSV-2 流行率和危险因素估计。
KAIS 是一项针对 15 至 64 岁男女的家庭血清学调查。该调查包括行为访谈以及 HSV-2、HIV 和梅毒感染的血清检测。结果根据抽样设计和无应答进行加权。
在 19840 名合格的个体中，90%完成了访谈，80%同意接受检测。共有 35%的人感染了 HSV-2，其中 42%为女性，26%为男性。在 15 至 24 岁年龄组，女性的 HSV-2 感染率从 7%增加到 34%，男性从 3%增加到 14%。在夫妻中，30%为 HSV-2 一致性阳性，21%为不一致性，49%为一致性阴性。在所有 HIV 感染者中，81%同时感染了 HSV-2。在 HSV-2 感染者中 HIV 的流行率为 16%，在无 HSV-2 感染者中为 2%。有割礼伴侣的女性 HSV-2 感染率为 39%，而没有割礼伴侣的女性 HSV-2 感染率为 77%。
三分之一的肯尼亚人感染了 HSV-2。HIV-1 感染、年龄、女性性别和缺乏男性割礼是 HSV-2 感染的人群水平预测因素。需要有针对性的预防干预措施，包括有效的疫苗。
