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足球运动员在季前训练期间的协调。

Coordination of soccer players during preseason training.

机构信息

Department of Human Movement and Sport Sciences, University of Foro Italico, Rome, Italy.

出版信息

J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Nov;25(11):3059-69. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318212e3e3.

DOI:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318212e3e3
PMID:21993023
Abstract

This study aimed to verify whether coordination improves as a result of a preseason soccer training. During 5 experimental sessions (days 1, 6, 11, 15, and 19), 16 semiprofessional male soccer players (22.0 ± 3.6 years) were administered 3 specific soccer tests (speed dribbling, shooting a dead ball, and shooting from a pass) and an interlimb coordination test (total duration of a trial: 60 seconds), consisting of isodirectional and nonisodirectional synchronized (1:1 ratio) hand and foot flexions and extensions at an increasing velocity of execution (80, 120, and 180 b·min(-1)). Furthermore, subjective ratings were monitored to assess the recovery state (RestQ) of the players, their perceived exertion (rating of perceived exertion [RPE]) for the whole body, and the perceived muscle pain (rating of muscle pain [RMP]) for the lower limbs and the internal training load by means of the session-RPE method. The ratios between post and pretraining RPE and RMP increased only during the first 2 experimental sessions and decreased after the second week of the training camp (p = 0.001). The Rest-Q showed increases (p < 0.05) for general stress, conflict/pressure, social recovery, and being in shape dimensions. Conversely, decreases (p < 0.05) were observed for social stress, fatigue, physical complaints dimensions. Throughout the preseason, the players improved their speed dribbling (p = 0.03), Shooting from a Pass (p = 0.02), and interlimb coordination (p < 0.0001) performances. These coordination tests succeeded in discriminating coordination in soccer players and could integrate field test batteries during the whole soccer season, because they were easily and inexpensively administrable by coaches.

摘要

本研究旨在验证足球赛季前训练是否能提高协调性。在 5 次实验(第 1、6、11、15 和 19 天)中,16 名半职业男性足球运动员(22.0±3.6 岁)接受了 3 项特定的足球测试(带球速度、踢死球和传球射门)和一项肢体间协调性测试(试验总持续时间:60 秒),包括同方向和非同方向的同步(1:1 比)手和脚的屈伸,执行速度逐渐增加(80、120 和 180 b·min(-1))。此外,还监测了主观评分,以评估球员的恢复状态(RestQ)、全身感知的努力程度(感觉努力评分[RPE])和下肢的肌肉疼痛(肌肉疼痛评分[RMP])以及通过会话-RPE 方法评估的内部训练负荷。只有在前 2 次实验中,后测和前测的 RPE 和 RMP 比值才会增加,而在训练营的第二周后,这些比值会下降(p=0.001)。RestQ 在一般压力、冲突/压力、社会恢复和身体状况维度上的得分有所增加(p<0.05)。相反,社会压力、疲劳和身体不适维度的得分则有所下降(p<0.05)。整个赛季前,球员的带球速度(p=0.03)、传球射门(p=0.02)和肢体间协调性(p<0.0001)都有所提高。这些协调性测试成功地对足球运动员的协调性进行了区分,并且可以在整个足球赛季中整合场地测试,因为它们可以由教练轻松且经济地进行管理。

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