Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2012 Feb;43(1):101-16. doi: 10.1007/s12160-011-9308-7.
Message framing has been an important focus in health communication research, yet prior meta-analyses found limited support for using framing to increase persuasiveness of health messages.
This meta-analysis distinguished the outcomes used to assess the persuasive impact of framed messages (attitudes, intentions, or behavior).
One hundred eighty-nine effect sizes were identified from 94 peer-reviewed, published studies which compared the persuasive impact of gain- and loss-framed messages.
Gain-framed messages were more likely than loss-framed messages to encourage prevention behaviors (r = 0.083, p = 0.002), particularly for skin cancer prevention, smoking cessation, and physical activity. No effect of framing was found when persuasion was assessed by attitudes/intentions or among studies encouraging detection.
Gain-framed messages appear to be more effective than loss-framed messages in promoting prevention behaviors. Research should examine the contexts in which loss-framed messages are most effective, and the processes that mediate the effects of framing on behavior.
信息框架一直是健康传播研究的一个重要焦点，但之前的荟萃分析发现，利用框架来提高健康信息的说服力的支持有限。
本荟萃分析区分了用于评估框架信息说服力影响的结果（态度、意图或行为）。
从 94 篇同行评审的已发表研究中确定了 189 个效应量，这些研究比较了收益框架和损失框架信息的说服力影响。
与损失框架信息相比，收益框架信息更有可能鼓励预防行为（r=0.083，p=0.002），特别是在皮肤癌预防、戒烟和体育活动方面。当通过态度/意图或在鼓励检测的研究中评估说服力时，框架没有效果。
收益框架信息似乎比损失框架信息更能有效地促进预防行为。研究应探讨在哪些情况下损失框架信息最有效，以及框架对行为影响的中介过程。
