Brandt Eric B, Sivaprasad Umasundari
Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA.
J Clin Cell Immunol. 2011 Aug 10;2(3). doi: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000110.
Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease, is increasing in prevalence around the world. Intensive research is ongoing to understand the mechanisms involved in the development of AD and offer new treatment options for patients suffering from AD. In this review, we highlight the importance of allergic Th2 responses in the development of the disease and summarize relevant literature, including genetic studies, studies of human skin and mechanistic studies on keratinocytes and mouse models of AD. We discuss the importance of the skin barrier and review recent findings on the pro-Th2 cytokines TSLP, IL-25, and IL-33, notably their ability to polarize dendritic cells and promote Th2 responses. After a brief update on the contribution of different T-cell subsets to AD, we focus on Th2 cells and the respective contributions of each of the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-5, IL-31, and IL-10) to AD. We conclude with a brief discussion of the current gaps in our knowledge and technical limitations.
特应性皮炎（AD）是一种慢性复发性炎症性皮肤病，在全球范围内的患病率正在上升。目前正在进行深入研究，以了解AD发病机制，并为AD患者提供新的治疗选择。在本综述中，我们强调了过敏性Th2反应在该疾病发病中的重要性，并总结了相关文献，包括遗传学研究、人体皮肤研究以及关于角质形成细胞和AD小鼠模型的机制研究。我们讨论了皮肤屏障的重要性，并综述了关于促Th2细胞因子TSLP、IL-25和IL-33的最新研究结果，尤其是它们使树突状细胞极化并促进Th2反应的能力。在简要介绍了不同T细胞亚群对AD的贡献之后，我们重点关注Th2细胞以及每种Th2细胞因子（IL-4、IL-13、IL-5、IL-31和IL-10）对AD的各自贡献。我们最后简要讨论了目前我们在知识上的差距和技术局限性。
