Fierobe T, Pons J C, Edouard D, O'Donovan F, Papiernik E
Service de Chirurgie, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, Clamart.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1990;19(4):375-81.
A review of the literature concerning sport during pregnancy is presented. The mother's heart rate, arterial blood pressure, systolic ejection fraction and cardiac output undergo the same changes during exercise in the pregnant and non-pregnant patient. The increase in the fetal heart rate during maternal physical exercise does not adversely affect the fetal outcome. The uterine blood flow is diminished during exercise. The respiratory rate increases equally in pregnant and non-pregnant women. The maternal response to effort is also modified by weight gain during pregnancy, by changes in the musculo-skeletal system, and by maternal temperature control during exercise. Weight gain, uterine contractility, duration of pregnancy, labour and neo-natal conditions are not altered by sport during pregnancy. Contra-indications to sport during pregnancy include threatened premature labour, and conditions associated with an increased risk of prematurity. A previous history of fetal growth retardation, acute fetal distress, or the presence of diabetes or arterial hypertension is a contra-indication to sport during pregnancy. The advice which should be given to a pregnant woman wishing to continue her sporting activities during pregnancy is outlined.
本文对有关孕期运动的文献进行了综述。孕妇和非孕妇在运动时，母亲的心率、动脉血压、收缩期射血分数和心输出量会发生相同的变化。母亲进行体育锻炼时胎儿心率的增加不会对胎儿结局产生不利影响。运动期间子宫血流量会减少。孕妇和非孕妇的呼吸频率增加幅度相同。孕期体重增加、肌肉骨骼系统的变化以及运动期间母亲的体温调节也会改变母亲对运动的反应。孕期运动不会改变体重增加、子宫收缩力、妊娠持续时间、分娩情况和新生儿状况。孕期运动的禁忌症包括先兆早产以及与早产风险增加相关的情况。既往有胎儿生长受限、急性胎儿窘迫病史，或患有糖尿病或动脉高血压，均为孕期运动的禁忌症。文中概述了应向希望在孕期继续进行体育活动的孕妇提供的建议。
