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将人际理论应用于对听觉幻觉的理解和治疗:文献综述及进一步研究方向。

Applying interpersonal theories to the understanding of and therapy for auditory hallucinations: a review of the literature and directions for further research.

机构信息

University of Sussex & Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Nevill Avenue, Hove BN3 7HZ, UK.

出版信息

Clin Psychol Rev. 2011 Dec;31(8):1313-23. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.09.001. Epub 2011 Sep 10.

Abstract

Cognitive models of auditory hallucinations are being elaborated in an attempt to more fully understand the variables that determine the distress often experienced by hearers. There is a growing body of literature that aims to explore the relevance of the concept of 'relating' to the experience of auditory hallucinations. This review explored the relevance of interpersonal perspectives to both understandings of and therapy for auditory hallucinations. Eighteen papers were included, published between 1989 and 2010. Studies have utilised and are reviewed within three different theoretical perspectives: Benjamin's Structural Analysis of Social Behaviour; Gilbert's Social Rank Theory; and Birtchnell's Relating Theory. Qualitative studies have explored the nature of the person's relationships with their auditory hallucinations, and are also reviewed. Collectively, the studies suggest that the experience of auditory hallucinations can be understood within interpersonal frameworks, and the relationships that hearers develop with their hallucinations share many properties with interpersonal relationships within the social world. Two themes were prominent across studies: an understanding of the power of the hearer, relative to both auditory hallucinations and social relationships; and the broader influence of social factors that extends beyond power to encompass broader patterns of relating. Findings are considered with regard to clinical implications and future research.

摘要

正在详细阐述听觉幻觉的认知模型,试图更全面地了解决定听觉幻觉患者经常感到痛苦的各种变量。越来越多的文献旨在探索“关系”这一概念与听觉幻觉体验的相关性。本综述探讨了人际视角对理解和治疗听觉幻觉的相关性。共纳入了 18 篇发表于 1989 年至 2010 年之间的文章。研究使用了本杰明的社会行为结构分析、吉尔伯特的社会等级理论和比奇内尔的关系理论这三种不同理论视角,并对其进行了回顾。定性研究探讨了患者与听觉幻觉之间关系的本质,也对其进行了回顾。总的来说,这些研究表明,听觉幻觉的体验可以在人际框架内得到理解,而患者与幻觉之间建立的关系与社交世界中的人际关系有许多共同特征。两个主题在研究中很突出:理解听者相对于听觉幻觉和社交关系的力量;以及超越权力范围,更广泛的社会因素对关系模式的影响。研究结果考虑了临床意义和未来的研究。

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