Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark.
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2011 Dec;19(6):700-8. doi: 10.1109/TNSRE.2011.2171368. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
This study investigates whether signals obtained from an implantable pressure sensor placed in the urinary bladder wall could be used to detect the onset of bladder contractions. The sensor assembly was custom made using a small piezoresistive sensor die. The die was mounted on ceramic substrate (8 mm × 8 mm) and encapsulated in silicone by a two-part moulding process. The final sensor was lens shaped with a diameter of 13.6 mm and height of 2.0 mm. Experiments were performed in six pigs that had one or more sensors placed in the bladder wall. An external reference sensor was used to simultaneously monitor intravesical pressure via a transurethral catheter. Bladder contractions were evoked by unilateral electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerve. Onset latency was computed using both signals. In addition, the correlation between wall pressure and intravesical pressure was calculated. On average, the onset latency was - 307 ms using the wall sensors compared to the intravesical pressure, i.e., the detection occurred earlier using the wall sensors than the intravesical sensor. In 91 of 114 recordings the correlation coefficient was above 0.90. In conclusion, the implantable sensor performs similar to the reference sensor when used to detect the onset of bladder contractions.
本研究旨在探讨植入于膀胱壁的压力传感器所获取的信号是否可用于检测膀胱收缩的开始。传感器组件是使用小型压阻式传感器芯片定制而成。该芯片被安装在陶瓷基底（8 毫米×8 毫米）上，并通过两部分注塑工艺封装在硅树脂中。最终的传感器呈透镜状，直径为 13.6 毫米，高度为 2.0 毫米。在六头猪身上进行了实验，这些猪的膀胱壁上有一个或多个传感器。通过经尿道的导管，使用外部参考传感器同时监测膀胱内压力。通过对骨盆神经的单侧电刺激来诱发膀胱收缩。使用这两个信号计算起始潜伏期。此外，还计算了壁压和膀胱内压之间的相关性。平均而言，与膀胱内压力相比，使用壁式传感器的起始潜伏期为-307 毫秒，即使用壁式传感器比使用膀胱内传感器更早地检测到收缩开始。在 114 次记录中的 91 次中，相关系数高于 0.90。总之，当用于检测膀胱收缩开始时，植入式传感器的性能与参考传感器相似。
